
01ass__llA IS 

Book^ni — 



SELECTIONS 



FROM THE 



LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS 



OF 



WILLIAM GROVER; 



PRECEDED BY 



A BI0GJIAPHJC4L' NOTICE ()F Hltj'JAFF,. 



3S 






" Be not slothful, but followers of them who through faith 
and patience inherit the promises."— Heb. vi. 11. 



lUmDon 



PRINTED FOR HARVEY AND DARTON, 
GRACECHURCH-STREET. 

1828. 






\S\0' V 



«»* 



r 



Our late friend, William Grovek, was 
so justly esteemed in our religious Society, 
that it has been thought the following Selection 
from his Letters and Papers would be accept- 
able to his friends. They may instructively 
revive the recollection of his Christian labours 
and example amongst us; and of his earnest 
solicitude for the preservation of his friends 
from all that is evil, and for their growth in 
true piety. 

J. F. 

Tottenham, 8th month, 1828. 



CONTENTS. 



CHAP. PAGE. 

I. Biographical Memoir of William Grover . • • . 1 

II. Meditations and Reflections 2 

III. Letters and other Papers relating to the cha- 

racter and principles of our religious 
Society 33 

IV. Letters and other Papers addressed to the 

Youth , . 45 

V. Extracts of Letters written from the year 

1800 to 1811, with some other papers . . 59 

VI. Extracts of Letters written from the year 

1812 to 1819 82 

VII. Extracts of Letters written from theyear 1820 

to 1823 105 

VIII. Extracts from Letters written in the years 

1824 and 1825 114 



SELECTIONS, *c. 



CHAP. I. 

BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF WILLIAM GROVER, 

William Grover, the son of William and Eliza- 
beth Grover, was born at Brighthelmstone in Sussex, 
the 15th of the 11th month, 1752. Very few par- 
ticulars are known of his early life. After leaving 
school, he was placed as an apprentice with Ed- 
mund Rack, a Friend, who was a retail country 
shopkeeper, at Bardfield in Essex. Soon after the 
expiration of the term, he engaged himself as an as- 
sistant to Samuel Day, who was also a member of our 
religious society, and in a similar business, and who 
lived at Stansted Mount-Fitchet, in the same county. 
After serving him with diligence and integrity for 
several years, he became a partner in the concern, 
and resided there during the remainder of his life* 

B 



2 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR 

He inherited some patrimonial property, his father 
having died when he was young; but, at the same 
time, he found it necessary to pursue his engage- 
ments in business, and was esteemed an upright 
tradesman, of kind and respectful manners; one who 
was careful, in all things, to act as becomes a member 
of our religious society. He continued in trade until 
within a few years of his decease; and though dili- 
gent in attending to these, the necessary cares of 
life, he was not engrossed with them : possessing a 
well-regulated and pious mind, he may be said to 
have pursued the concerns of time with eternity 
steadily in view. 

In the year 1786, he married Isabel Weatherald, 
of Wensleydale, in the north-western parts of York- 
shire, who has survived him ; and in their union, for 
nearly forty years, which was a source of mutual 
comfort and happiness, he proved himself a truly- 
affectionate husband : uniformly evincing, under every 
circumstance, the greatest tenderness and sympathy. 

The subject of this memoir, was one who, from 
early life, was of a thoughtful turn of mind, and 
showed a strong attachment to the principles and 
testimonies of Friends. As he advanced in years, he 
submitted to the humbling, refining operations of 
divine grace; and, through continued watchfulness 
and obedience to the pointings of duty, he attained 
to that experience and stability in the truth, of which 
his conduct and religious usefulness afterwards gave 



OF WILLIAM GROVER. 3 

abundant proof. A description of some parts of his 
religious character, is appropriately given in the fol- 
lowing extracts, from a memorial concerning him, 
issued by the Friends of Thaxted monthly meeting, 
of which he was a member. 

" It is not our intention to extol the character of 
the deceased, as a man, estimable as he was, in the 
various relations of life; but to exhibit his Christian 
virtues, and ascribe, as he did, all excellency to the 
power of divine grace, mercifully granted to man- 
kind, for their salvation, through the mediation of 
the blessed Redeemer, our Lord and Saviour Jesus 
Christ. The rectitude of his conduct, in the dis- 
charge of his moral and religious duties, his humility, 
meekness, and dedication to the cause of truth, 
were all fruits -of faith in the means thus graciously 
afforded. 

" He was very exemplary in the fulfilment of his 
duty to his Maker, by a constant attendance of re- 
ligious meetings, when of ability ; in which his solid 
deportment indicated great reverence of spirit, and 
fervency of desire to gain access to the Fountain of 
all Good ; and, on these occasions, we believe that 
his mind was often enriched with the incomes of di- 
vine love and peace. 

" He was a great lover of retirement and medi- 
tation. The frequent reading of the Holy Scrip- 
tures was also a source of instruction and comfort to 
him ; and this practice he was often tenderly engaged 
to recommend to others, as one of the means by 
b 2 



4 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR 

which they might be strengthened and encouraged 
to advance in the Christian path. 

" The views he took of himself were humble, 
whilst his estimate of the true Christian character 
was a highly exalted one. Hence arose great vigi- 
lance and circumspection, that no part of his de- 
meanour should dishonour the cause he so greatly 
valued and loved. This care was manifested in all 
his conduct; and evidently so, in transacting the 
affairs of the church, in which his judgment was 
clear, and his language persuasive ; tending much to 
encourage friends in the support of the discipline, in 
the executive part of which he very rarely excused 
himself from service ; having a great care for the 
prosperity of truth, and that his fellow-professors 
might be faithful in our testimonies, -and consistent 
in all their conduct, endeavouring to keep the unity 
of the spirit in the bond of peace. 

" Perhaps few have been so much favoured with 
the prevalence of love : it seemed to be the constant 
clothing of his mind, and was evinced towards all 
classes of society. The youth, especially, were the 
objects of his tender solicitude; for whose early at- 
tention to the reproofs of instruction, and for their 
growth and establishment in the Truth, he felt an 
unremitting concern." 

His important services in our Yearly Meeting, and 
his communications to his friends, will be long re- 
membered. He often spoke of the comfort which 



OF WILLIAM GR0VER. O 

he derived from reflecting on the goodness, and 
mercy, and loving-kindness of our Heavenly Father ; 
inviting others, and particularly his younger friends, 
to seek to live under the influence of his love. His 
remarks were clear, comprehensive, and concise ; and 
the precious influence which they produced, was 
often, in a remarkable degree, to be felt, after the 
conclusion of them. 

He was a willing labourer in the church of Christ 
— an elder worthy of double honour; doing what 
his hands found to do with a cheerful heart, as one 
serving a good and gracious Master, and thus 
forcibly recommending the principles he professed. 
Highly valuing the care which our Christian disci- 
pline provides, and manifesting a deep concern for 
its being rightly and impartially exercised, he at the 
same time discovered much caution and tenderness 
in cases of delinquency, cherishing feelings of love 
and compassion, when judging of the errors and 
weaknesses of others. He was very anxious that all 
the meetings, established for transacting the affairs 
of our society, should be held under the influence of 
Christian love, and in the fear of the Lord ; being 
convinced that, were this the case, they would often 
be times of solid instruction. 

Whilst he was a firm believer in the immediate 
teachings of the Holy Spirit, he was diffident in speak- 
ing of his own experience ; and though well persuaded 
that our religious principles lead to great spirituality, 
he was very cautious of judging others, or deciding 



6 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR 

for them. His desire was, that all might be drawn in 
love to seek after the guidance of that wisdom which 
cometh from above, and to see the beauty and excel- 
lency of the truth as it is in Jesus. Believing, as he 
did, that our predecessors had been called to uphold 
a pure and perfect standard of Christian doctrine, 
he was deeply solicitous that this might in no way 
be lowered by Friends of the present day ; and that 
they as individuals, and the Society as a body, 
might endeavour so to act, as to bring others to see 
and to acknowledge the consistency of our profession 
with the gospel dispensation. 

His general appearance was meek and grave, ex- 
hibiting a bright example of a religious character ; 
an habitual gratitude, and filial fear of God, marking 
his life and demeanour. He behaved with great kind- 
ness and courtesy to all ; at the same time maintain- 
ing the dignity of a disciple of Christ, so that his 
deportment commanded esteem and deference. 

Our dear and honoured friend was particularly 
pleased with the society of young persons; and to 
many of this class he was endeared by the sweetness 
and affability of his manners, conversing with them 
in a way which secured their confidence and esteem. 
He felt tender solicitude for them, in thinking of the 
temptations to which they were peculiarly exposed ; 
and whether any hints which he offered to these, 
were designed to encourage them to persevere in 
the right way of the Lord, or to check the early 
appearance of a departure from Christian simplicity, 



OF WILLIAM GROVER. 7 

they were expressed with so much love, that they 
found a ready entrance into the heart. Highly valu- 
ing the approved writings of our Society, he often 
recommended them to the attention of those in early 
life. He promoted also their perusal of works of 
literature and useful information; but saw a danger 
in the young and inexperienced entering much into 
the religious opinions of others. Yet he was far 
from being illiberal in his views, often gratefully ac- 
knowledging his belief, that sects and distinctions are 
lost in the divine sight. 

William Grover appeared to think unkindly of no 
one ; but, when obliged to censure the conduct of 
any, he did it with great feeling and compassion. 
At the same time, there was a quick perception of 
what was wrong, and it was not allowed to pass unre- 
proved. He had a strong objection to hearing the 
absent slightly spoken of, or their faults made the 
topic of conversation. On these occasions he would 
observe silence, or remind the company to be careful 
in their remarks on others, lest they should unguard- 
edly injure the character of their friends ; being him- 
self careful not to make comparisons. He was of a 
cheerful, contented disposition, and considered it right 
to derive pleasure and gratification from temporal 
things, as blessings from the hand of an Almighty 
Benefactor; provided they were kept in subordination 
to the great purpose of life, and not suffered to en- 
gross too much of the time and affections. He met 
the vicissitudes of life with calmness, and was careful 



8 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR 

not to suffer cross occurrences to discompose his 
mind, or to draw him into the use of impatient ex- 
pressions. 

The remembrance of his absent friends was fre- 
quent and lively; and he evinced a warm affection 
for those whom he had loved and esteemed in his 
youth. He seldom forgot the afflicted, whether rich 
or poor. To those of the latter class he was kind 
and considerate, relieving their wants, often visiting 
them in their dwellings, when he would enter into 
conversation in a way adapted to them, and peculiar 
to himself; and frequently, in the retired circle of his 
own family, would speak of and commiserate the 
condition of those who had received fewer blessings 
than himself, or who had had a greater portion of 
affliction or suffering. 

He was a man of great punctuality and order in 
the daily transactions of life, seldom deferring until 
the morrow the work of the day ; steady and diligent 
in what he undertook, and a good economist of time. 
Few were aware of the extent of his usefulness in 
cases of a private nature, among his neighbours. To 
these he was free of access on all occasions; and much 
of his time was employed in their service. Possessing 
an intelligent mind and a clear judgment, he was 
often consulted; and his assistance was frequently 
solicited to settle little differences. He entered into 
such cases with great deliberation : his decisions were 
not hastily formed, and they were mostly well re- 
ceived. 



OF WILLIAM GROVER. 'J 

When the Auxiliary Bible Society was formed in 
that part of the county of Essex in which he re- 
sided, he readily united in the support of it, and took 
an active part in investigating the want of the Scrip- 
tures among his poorer neighbours. He was a diligent 
member of the committee until the time of his illness, 
and felt a lively interest in the circulation of the 
Scriptures both at home and abroad. At the same 
time, he was anxious that the concerns of this society 
might be conducted under the influence of those 
feelings, and in that temper of mind, to which the 
Sacred Writings bear testimony; and, whilst be- 
lieving, as he did, in the divine authority of Holy 
Scripture, he was very desirous that these records 
should be properly designated, and that men should 
not confound the possession and distribution of the 
Bible, and the mere knowledge of its contents, with 
the partaking of those living waters which flow im- 
mediately from Christ, the fountain of life — of that 
bread which cometh down from heaven, and which, 
when received with a lively, operative faith, enables 
us to work out the salvation of the soul with fear and 
trembling. 

His friends had ample evidence of his being a 
firm believer in the essential doctrines of the Gospel. 
In a memorandum left behind him, he says : " I be- 
lieve it is consistent with the genuine principles of 
Friends, that all the communications of the mercy, 
love, power, and goodness of God to his creature 
man, are in, by, and through our Lord and Saviour 



10 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR. 

Jesus Christ, and no otherwise, and in this belief 
I am thankful to live and unite." 

In a letter, written in the eleventh month, 1823, 
after alluding, in terms of strong disapprobation, to 
the views of one whose sentiments were decidedly 
contrary to those of our society, " on a point of such 
supreme importance as the divine nature of our 
blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ," he pro- 
ceeds: " Can I close this subject better, than with 
the following quotation from a recently-published 
pamphlet, in which the writer, when speaking of 
Christ, says : ( What encouragement and comfort is 
there in the contemplation of his character and 
offices, both as prophetically indicated, and evan- 
gelically displayed, from the first and most obscure, 
to the last and most comprehensive and expressive : 
viz. The Bruiser of the Serpent's head ; Immanuel, 
God with us ; the Lord our righteousness ; the 
Child born; the Son given, upon whose shoulders 
the government of his people is for ever to be; 
whose name should be called Wonderful, Counsellor, 
the mighty God, the Everlasting Father, and the 
Prince of Peace ; the root and the offspring of Da- 
vid ; the bright and morning Star ; the Son of Man ; 
the Son and Lamb of God, who taketh away the 
sins of the world; who hath loved us, and washed 
us in his blood *.' " 



* Mary Jesup's Address to Friends. 



OF WILLIAM GROVER. 11 

William Grover possessed a sound constitution, 
and enjoyed remarkably good health, until within a 
few months of his death. On the 16th of 5th month, 
1825, he left home early in the morning, to attend 
the Yearly Meeting, from which he had been very 
seldom absent for nearly forty years. He arrived in 
London in time for the first sitting of the meeting of 
ministers and elders, and acted as an assistant to the 
clerk; an office which he had for some time accept- 
ably filled, and which he resigned at the close of that 
sitting. With his accustomed alacrity and interest in 
the concerns of the society, he entered, throughout 
the day, into the proceedings of the meeting. To- 
wards the evening he felt unwell, and, in the 
course of the night was so alarmingly ill, that his 
wife was sent for early the following morning. His 
disorder was a very painful one; and, for several 
days, his life was considered to be in great danger. 
His medical attendants attributed his restoration to 
health, so far as it took place, to the serenity and 
humble resignation with which he bore his sufferings, 
as much as to the means which were employed. 

The following memorandum, written in London, 
on the occasion of this illness, was found among his 
papers. 

" This has been a remarkable visitation, such an 
one as I never knew ; except that of the small-pox, 
more than forty years ago, may be at all compared 
with it. I might be said to be attacked very unex- 
pectedly, and in a lonely condition; but help and 



12 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR. 

comfort, as to outward accommodation, sprang up 
remarkably; and I think it might be said, that every 
requisite was supplied. As to the most important 
part, it seemed to have a great effect in breaking the 
mind off from this world, and exciting earnest desires 
for a preparation and fitness to enter into rest and 
peace everlasting. 

" One feature was very striking : the kind, affec- 
tionate interest of Friends respecting me and my 
case, was indeed beyond what it would seem proper 
to record. But, at the same time r perhaps at scarce 
any period have I so feelingly and clearly seen my 
own unworthiness and insignificance, or so feelingly 
prized a state of littleness and humble reduction; so 
that, like a little babe, I might be permitted, in sim- 
plicity and perfect innocence, to draw nourishment in 
quietness from the breast of ever-enduring and inex- 
haustible consolation;" 

In a letter to two or his intimate friends, he re- 
marks : 

"I am desirous (I hope with a degree of humble 
gratitude) of informing you, that, within three or 
four days, considerable improvement in my health 
has taken place; and, whilst I am so abundantly 
sensible, from recent past experience, of the uncer- 
tainty of the things of time, yet I wish duly to appre- 
ciate this rich favour, permitted to a poor traveller 
through the chequered vale of time." 

Towards' the end of the sixth month, he so far 



OF WILLIAM GROVER. 13 

recovered, as to be able to return home, on which 
occasion he made the following memorandum. 

1825.— 7 mo. 13. " Being permitted, on the 30th 
ult. in company with my dear wife, cousin Elizabeth 
Glaisyer, and John Hooper, to reach home in safety, 
I am aware it is my duty, not only as a child, to crave 
divine consolation, but also to watch the openings 
and presentations of duty which may be vouchsafed, 
however small ; so that the talent entrusted may not 
be buried under the feelings of feebleness, or any 
thing else." , 

In two letters to his friends, not long afterwards, 
he thus alludes to his illness : 

1825.— 8 mo. 7. "We can see but little before 
us ; and what a favour it is, when circumstances arise, 
to be enabled to meet them with prudence and peace- 
ful resignation. This illness may be said to be a 
proof that we are not our own keepers, but poor, de- 
pendent creatures. Oh ! thabwe may have light in 
our dwelling and on our path; and, through boundless 
mercy, peace within our borders." 

8 mo. 26. " Respecting resignation, how just are 
thy remarks, that our wishes as well as our works 
should at all times harmonize with the divine will: 
indeed, our study should be, to be circumscribed 
thereby; but; this is no light matter, but a high and 
most precious attainment. Do not thy remarks, 
however, beg two most interesting questions ; namely, 
/the day's work accomplished, and the expected 
consequent reward?' also, ' the time arrived for dis- 



14 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR 

solving every tender, earthly tie V With awfulness 
and reverence these may be left in the holy, dispens- 
ing hand of Him who doeth all things well ; whilst 
we, in grateful, humble, sensibility of the value of the 
present precious blessings, manifest our due estima- 
tion of them, by neglecting no proper means to secure 
their continuance, in due and filial submission, all 
the while, to his infinite wisdom, goodness, and 
mercy." 

As the health of William Grover improved a 
little after his return home, his friends cherished 
the pleasing hope that his valuable life would be 
lengthened, and that they should be permitted longer 
to partake of the instruction to be derived from 
his bright example and Christian counsel. But 
He who ordereth all in perfect wisdom, and who will 
graciously supply the spiritual need of those who 
look in faith unto Him, saw meet to terminate the trials 
of this his faithful servant, and to admit him, as there 
is every reason to believe, to the participation of 
that peace and joy which are reserved for the right- 
eous in the life which is to come. 

" The expressions of a religious nature, that our 
late dear friend uttered towards the close of life, were 
not numerous ; but they all partook of that humble, 
yet confiding and peaceful character, that distin- 
guished him when in health, and bespoke a mind 
looking towards heaven, of which, he said, he had 
' had a pleasant view, particularly of late;' and that 
he was ' favoured to feel very little condemnation.' At 



OF WILLIAM GROVER. 15 

different times he thus expressed himself: ' The pre- 
vailing desire of my mind has been, for many years, 
that I might close in peace. I have had many bless- 
ings, many temptations, and many trials in my time ; 
but have been mercifully helped through them.' At 
one time, evidently under great tenderness of spirit, 
he observed, ' The shadow of divine mercy is very 
broad ;' and at another, when conversing about his 
illness, he said, f It is a source of great consolation to 
know, that He who formed us is near.' 

" In the afternoon of the day preceding his decease, 
he expressed himself to the following effect : ' There 
is nothing so precious, whether in youth or in age, 
sickness or health, as a sense of the divine presence 
and love. I have had great cause thankfully to be- 
lieve, that the protecting arm of kind Providence 
has been with me all my life long, from my youth 
up ;' and, after a pause, added, ' It is my greatest 
desire that my sun, which now seems nearly set, may 
go down in brightness, without a cloud ; relying 
only upon the goodness of the Almighty, who can 
change a life of suffering for one of comfort and end- 
less happiness — who can make a death-bed as a bed 
of roses. Yea, I bless thy holy name, thy presence 
and love can make a death-bed as a bed of roses.' 
Afterwards he said, in nearly these words : ' My life 
seems fast closing, and my afflictions nearly at an 
end. I have been greatly afflicted, [alluding pro- 
bably to his illness,] but doubt not that it has been 
in unspeakable, unerring wisdom, that I have been 



16 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR, &C 

thrown, again and again, into the furnace ; which 
is, no doubt, designed for my further refinement. 
Oh ! may all the purposes of the Almighty be 
fulfilled. Oh ! what a precious state is that, where 
nothing is wanted but the celestial gate to be 
opened. All praise I ascribe unto the Lord's holy 
name*.'" 

He was enabled to bear, with great patience and 
Christian fortitude, the extreme sufferings which he 
endured within a short time of his death ; but, for a 
few hours before the close, he was mercifully relieved 
from all pain, and his end was remarkably peaceful. 
He died the 11th of the 10th month, 1825, in the 
seventy-third year of his age. 



See the Memorial of Thaxted Monthly Meeting. 



17 



CHAP. II. 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

1783. — 4 mo. 27. How different a character is he 
who is fond of procrastinating and delaying, from 
him, who, with a wise regard to the uncertainty of 
to-morrow, ncbly improves each opportunity whilst 
he has it. 

1783. — 10 mo. 15. From disobedience and diffi- 
culty, surely I am a dwarf, by not coming rightly for- 
ward to the duty of the day. How main a thing, 
through all, is an attention to the conclusion. Do 
not some of us labour and toil ourselves, to do that 
from fear, which those who are in the life of goodness 
do from love ? 

1784. — 10 mo, 13. Oh that none in ease and plenty 
may contribute, improperly, to make it difficult for 
those in less favoured circumstances to think of the 
Author of their being with gratitude and love. 

1790.— 5 mo. 11. " While ye have the light, be- 
lieve in the light, that ye may be the children of the 
light." It appears a precious thing rightly to believe 
in the light, and to follow it; treading in the just 



18 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

man's path, which is said to be " as the shining light, 
that shineth more and more unto the perfect day." 
It is probable that many under our name do not 
believe in this light, nor expect, through faithfulness 
to its discoveries, to be led on further and further to 
the knowledge of the will of God, and to an esta- 
blishment in his peaceable kingdom, even whilst in 
this life : not being like minded with a remnant who 
believe that his kingdom is come ; and who desire, 
according to ability, to be pressing into it, that they 
may be faithful subjects of it, and that the govern- 
ment may be on the shoulders of Him whom they 
desire to serve. 

8 mo. 17. It is a fine thing to be preserved from 
every snare. I believe we may be so engaged in 
things which bear the appearance of being lawful, 
and even necessary and incumbent, as to be dis- 
qualified from possessing that tender, childlike, at- 
tentive state of mind, which appears so necessary to 
our growth in a divine life, and to a true filial obe- 
dience, in all things, to the will of our Heavenly 
Father. 

1792. — 4 mo. 12. Oh! for a sincere love and 
attachment to that pure and undefiled religion, which 
stands in a filial devotedness of heart to do the Lord's 
-will, and in a reverent, holy travail of soul, to be 
made truly acquainted with what his will is ; that so 
we may not be deceived, under an apprehension that 
we are fulfilling the divine will, when we are rather 
frustrating it by doing our own. This, I believe, may 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 19 

be the case, even in things which may have a good- 
like appearance. 

1799. — 6 mo. 13. I believe it is good for young men 
to make a point of devoting a small portion, at least, 
of every day, to read a little in the Bible, and endea- 
vour after a little calm and quiet in their minds. 
Something may be presented to the minds in these 
short seasons of inward calm, which may a little 
nourish and cherish the divine life in the soul, and 
make room for the love of God to prevail a little ; 
and so, as this love is cherished and found to grow, 
the love of the world, and earnest desire after it, will 
lessen, and the soul be prepared to take its chief de- 
light in something spiritual and heavenly. 

1799. — 6 mo. 22. I feel low, under a sense of my 
want of the necessary qualification for active service 
in the church. Oh ! that there may be more of a 
waiting for the putting forth ; and a deeper and 
more frequently-renewed travail after dwelling in the 
pure life of religion, and after inward communion 
with the Lord ; — to know his will, and receive ability, 
in the abasement and abnegation of self, to do it to his 
glory, and my own soul's true peace. 

1801. — 9 mo. 14. Oh 1 that we may be made 
what the Lord would have us to be ; that is, in har- 
mony with his work in the earth ; standing faithful, 
according to the present day's administration and 
service, as many of our worthy predecessors stood 
faithful in their day and time. The great thing is, 
c 2 



20 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

to bejound in our lot, let the state of Truth's cause 
be whatsoever it may in the world. 

I think I see a great danger in Friends getting into 
easy circumstances : it renders them not so strong, 
and able to endure hardness as good soldiers. I 
believe all we have must be at the divine disposal, 
and so felt by us, before we can be fully qualified to 
endure all things that may be required of a dis- 
ciple of Christ, in filling up his lot in the militant 
church. 

1810. — 8 mo. 8. I find a great proneness in the 
mind to be, every now and then, laying hold of some- 
thing wherein to expect a sort of permanency of 
satisfaction, if not of delight; but I doubt my capa- 
city to do this, and yet retain a due readiness sin- 
cerely to say, " Thy will be done," should these 
things be called for. When we use the words, " Thy 
will be done on earth, as it is in heaven," surely we 
mean to be sincere ; but what submission and devo- 
tion of heart and will does this imply : no obstruction 
or resistance to the divine will "as in heaven." 

II mo. 8. I believe we came into this world for 
the great and momentous purpose of being eternally 
happy. Even the present life, which is a mixed and 
a probationary state, is replete with numberless bless- 
ings, and precious enjoyments, along with the attend- 
ant trials. And our duty and highest interest is, so 
to encounter the trials incident to this present ex- 
istence, and so to participate of the comforts and 
mercies afforded, as that our minds may be capable 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 21 

to bless the Lord for his goodness, in giving us a 
being, and preserving us ; and to meet the end with 
resignation and peace. 

11 mo. 10. The true dignity of man — of a Chris- 
tian — consists in endeavouring to fill up his duty, in the 
station which he is permitted to fill in this world. 
There are few, if any situations, in which a man who 
is upright may not shine. There is lustre in integrity; 
and the peace which Christ gives to his humble, de- 
pendent children, can reach the humble cottager, as 
well as the inhabitant of the mansion. Many, by 
having their eye out after things not within their 
reach, nor within their sphere, neglect or overlook 
surrounding and intended blessings ; and so are not 
thankful, as they might be. Thankfulness for mercies 
received is a very precious feeling, and gives a sweet 
relish to what we enjoy. Let us, therefore, in the 
first place, be sensible and feel what we are, and dili- 
gently occupy and improve our talents and gifts in the 
fear of the Lord ; and desire, above all things, to be 
kept within the reach of his blessing; so shall the in- 
crease, if permitted, be enjoyed without violating the 
peace of our minds. 

1811.— 4 mo. 28. A precious sentiment it is, 
"that the spirit of benevolence, if cherished and 
encouraged, sends forth fresh shoots." The soul is 
enriched by an increase of benevolence, although the 
means of gratifying or exercising it, to an extent ade- 
quate to our feelings, may not be within our power. 

1812. — 1 mo. 25. It is a precious thing to have a 



2% MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

belief and feeling produced in our minds, that we are 
under the divine gracious care and protection. Per- 
haps I have not sustained more loss, or religious 
disadvantage, any way, than I have for want of more 
diligently minding the very gentle intimations or calls 
to inward stillness. A feeling of a connexion with 
the Fountain of Good is, above all things, to be prized ; 
and this feeling is utterly out of our control or com- 
mand, and consequently to be accepted with reve- 
rence and cheerfulness, whenever vouchsafed. We 
cannot prize it too much : it is a treasure in prospe- 
rity : it is a treasure in adversity : it will be em- 
phatically a treasure, when the awful moments arrive 
for us to bid an eternal farewell to the things of time 
and sense. 

8 mo. 22. We are, indeed, fearfully and wonder- 
fully made. From the nature of our present con- 
dition, we see things very differently at different 
times ; perhaps, in part, occasioned by our attempt- 
ing to see and judge when we are not in a situation 
for it. 

10 mo. 24. Having now, except about three weeks, 
completed my sixtieth year, I may say, that in turning 
over some of the leaves of my past life, I may record 
occasions of reverent and humble thankfulness, for 
having been permitted to escape with as little of 
wounds and bruises as I have ; and for the extension 
of divine goodness and mercy towards me, many ways. 
And I think my religious experience, if I may call 
any thing which I have known by that name, has 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 26 

been much found in the path of faith, rather than of 
sight. Just enough vouchsafed to preserve me a 
believer in the path, and in the power which sustains 
in it. Perhaps this has been the manner in which I 
have been led along, because it was best for me, as 
most calculated to keep me humble ; often having 
nothing good, nor knowing how to come at any 
good ; but at times sweetly refreshed with calmness 
and serenity, rather than with the spirit of warm de- 
votion, or any thing like ecstasy or rapture. 

1813. — 1 mo. %2. The great thing appears to be, 
to have the right hunger and thirst after righteous- 
ness excited and preserved, or maintained, in the 
mind ; then things which are of an earthly, transitory, 
or unsatisfying nature, will be trials, as they prevent 
a participation of the blessed fruits of this righteous- 
ness. Many are resting in these outward enjoyments, 
as if they were the end of our being ; but the true 
Christian, the true believer, is permitted to enjoy 
abundance of blessings, without resting in them, and 
so has the comfort of the life which now is, and of 
that which is to come. 

1814. — 3 mo. 24. To write of the immediate and 
particular influences of the Spirit of Truth upon the 
mind, in the way we understand and believe that sub- 
ject, is a very delicate business, especially when an 
application is made to particular and striking in- 
stances ; because it may often happen that there is 
really not a capacity in the persons addressed, to 
receive what is advanced. Whether the doctrine of 



24 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

clear, immediate revelation, in the present day, be 
truth and reality, as we most surely believe, or not, 
it must be granted to be possible that it may be so ; 
that is, that it may be truth. 

1814. — 4 mo. 1. How many ways to involve the 
mind in a continual something that seems plausible ; 
and so not keep it just in readiness to hear the call, 
to hearken to the voice, or yield to the gentle, in- 
clining influence of divine love ; an influence often so 
soft and silent, as to be very, very easily put by, 
quashed, lost, forgotten. 

1815, — 11 mo. 2. The occurrence of a great 
variety of things to engage the attention, on our 
own and other people's account, seems to fill up 
much of the time, which is passing over, never to 
return, that I have great occasion to be careful to 
give the preference to those things, if I can happily 
distinguish them, which are of the most importance ; 
because the remaining sands in the glass are spend- 
ing very fast, and, most probably, in a few years, at 
the longest, there will be none remaining. Whilst 
we are conflicting with the various infirmities of our 
nature, it is a precious thing, to those who are fa- 
voured, under all, and through all, to grow in 
religious experience ; not casting away the shield, 
either in the day, or in the night season; but in 
humble trust and dependence on divine support, 
pressing forward, holding fast the profession of their 
faith ; not easily blown about by floating opinions, 
but watching for the manifestations of that light, and 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 25 

of that calming influence which satisfies the soul, and 
gives ability to rejoice, amidst the jeopardies of an 
earthly pilgrimage. 

1817. — 6 mo. When individuals, through diso- 
bedience or unfaithfulness, have been brought into 
grievous perplexity and embarrassment, it often hap- 
pens, that, in condescending goodness towards his 
poor creatures, our Almighty Father does not will 
their continuance in this wilderness condition, but is 
graciously disposed to bring them out of it. But 
then, if we would come forth perfect, his own all- 
wise process must be submitted to with patience and 
resignation. Whatever the provings and the humilia- 
tion required, we may rest satisfied that they "are 
necessary to effect the purpose intended; and if we 
are at length brought through, so as to stand in 
a state of acceptance before Him, and to partake of 
the peace which He gives, we shall not have to say, 
we have suffered more for the attainment of the 
prize, than it is found to be worth. Oh! the un- 
speakable value, to the exercised mind, of patience 
and resignation. 

1818. — 4 mo. 27. - conversing this morning on 

the politics of Europe, concluded with this beautiful 
sentiment: "that there is nothing substantial and 
satisfactory but the Supreme Good: in it, the deeper 
we go, and the more largely we drink, the better 
and happier we are; whereas, in outward acquire- 
ments, if we could attain to the summit and per- 



26 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

fection of them, the very possession and enjoyment 
palls." 

1818. — 9 mo. 6. Oh! the inestimable favour it is, 
to be true believers, and thereby to be made, from 
time to time, partakers of the [spiritual] bread which 
is broken, and the wine which is in mercy handed to 
sustain, to animate, to enliven the soul. 

1 SI 9.-6 mo. 15. Oh! for some share of in- 
heritance, or fellowship, with those whom the Lord 
delighteth to bless. 

1821. — 1 mo. 5. Many are the favours which 
the tried and exercised servants of the Lord have to 
commemorate, in the course of their devotion to his 
cause. May we all, in our various allotments, endea- 
vour to be more and more preserved in a state of 
watchful dependence upon Him ; that so, whether at 
home or abroad, our experience of his goodness, 
mercy, and truth, may be enlarged and confirmed, to 
our own consolation and support, and the consolation 
and encouragement of others. 

1821.— 5 mo. 20. The Yearly Meeting was largely 
attended, and was a solid, instructive, and interesting 
season. As a religious society, we have much indeed 
to be thankful for; and I do hope there is much to 
be encouraged about, as to the state of things among 
us, although much to lament. Perhaps few things 
more to be lamented, than that many of us are not 
enough convinced, that there is no advancing in true 
Christian experience, and inheriting the riches, and 
privileges, and consolations of the gospel of Christ, 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 27 

without submitting to his yoke, and bearing his 
cross. 

1822.— 9 mo. 8. Reverently do I wish to ac- 
knowledge the belief, that there is that which can 
richly make amends for every privation, heal every 
breach, cause the wilderness and the solitary place 
to be glad, and the desert to rejoice and blossom as 
the rose. But, oh ! for an increase of capacity to 
look unto this, and to walk worthy of receiving such 
blessing. 

1823. — 2 mo. 23. It is a great privilege, in afflic- 
tion, to be near tender, sympathizing friends; par- 
ticularly, may I not say, at our time of life, when 
both bodily and mental energy may be considered on 
the decline. And oh! that, in all our trials, both 
inward and outward, the divine arm of everlasting 
loving-kindness and compassion may be underneath, 
to bear up and sustain, and afford us a safe landing 
at last, beyond the reach of all conflict and all fear. 

1823. — 7 mo. 21. We require some one to speak 
to freely, and also confidentially. And besides, how 
greatly is human comfort, at times increased, by a 
reciprocity of innocent communication. I believe it 
relieves the more weighty, and, sometimes, oveiv 
anxious cogitations of the mind; and, by so reliev- 
ing, contributes to our resuming them with more 
effect and advantage. 

1824. — 3 mo. 7. How much I desire that nothing, 
amidst all the ups and downs that occur, may be 
permitted to prevent us from seeking after the love 



l £6 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

and favour, the support and protection of our Hea- 
venly Father. I think I scarcely ever found and felt 
it more needful for myself, than now of late time. 

Give what Thou wilt, without Thee we are poor. 
And with Thee, rich, take what Thou wilt awaj. 

1853.— 10 mo. 12. How earnestly to be de- 
sired is a complete redemption from all selfishness : 
then would envy, pride, and wrath, no more torment 
the poor mind. 

1824. — 4 mo. May I, with reverence and hu- 
mility, say, that I believe there is nothing to separate 
the redeemed soul from the spirit of the blessed 
Redeemer; and that, where He is, there will also 
his servants be. He that is in Christ is a new crea- 
ture ; and being, through redeeming love and mercy, 
brought into Him, and continuing in Him, who is 
the resurrection and the life, such shall never die, 
but remain in Him for ever and evermore. 

1824. — 8 mo. 1. It is a great comfort, when past 
seventy, to be pretty well ; so as to enjoy the bounty 
of kind Providence, and endeavour to improve the 
further portion of time allotted ; so that we may, 
through mercy, be ready for the final, awful change, 
when it comes. 

1824. — 12 mo. 8. How unspeakably worthy our 
love, our allegiance, our seeking after, and our more 
frequent communion, is the Spirit of Truth. How 
ought it to be [sought after] from day to day, and 
through the day, so as to raise and bear up our 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 29 

minds above the things of time, even whilst we are 
necessarily engaged in them ; seeing they are all very 
uncertain, and we may be taken from them, or they 
from us, very unexpectedly. In such case, to have 
our minds previously well acquainted with divine 
love, and, as it were, enwrapped with it — what a 
treasure! 

1825. — 3 ino. What a fine thing it is to be pre- 
served in the humility, simplicity, and stability which 
Truth gives to its sincere and devoted disciples. Oh I 
for a more general, deep acquaintance with the value 
of true quiet, where the thirst for change and novelty 
is not felt ; but a sincere waiting and desire is known, 
after that which is not of man, nor of the strength 
and abilities of man, but of the Lord. Here, I be- 
lieve, the creature will be kept low, diffident, and 
fearful of itself; and more ready and desirous to be 
taught and instructed, than to fancy itself qualified 
to instruct others. 

The creation of the world and of man was, 

and is, a marvellous display of the divine glory; and 
the highest dignity and happiness of man, is to live 
in unison with this effect of the divine will and pur- 
pose, that we may not miss of intended good and 
enjoyment, which it seems are only to be this way 
come at. Our Heavenly Father wants nothing. He 
is perfect ; his glory is perfect ; and this or that act 
are only a display of such part of his glory, as his 
infinite wisdom thinks meet, and for the best, at any 
particular period, or on any particular occasion. 



30 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

The expression of beautiful sentiments, and 



the reading and approving of them, afford a delight 
to the mind ; but do not always deepen us in religious 
sensibility, or increase our love for the simplicity of 
the Truth as it is in Jesus, or advance us in the con- 
sequent knowledge and experience of heavenly good. 
In contemplating this subject, I have remembered 
the import of a few expressions of an eminent minis- 
ter : " We love the splendid, pleasant picture ; but 
this is an easy purchase, in comparison of the deep- 
hid, inestimable pearl of substantial truth." 

This morning I have a somewhat luminous 

view of the nature and preciousness of gospel minis- 
try, and other rightly-religious exercises. God is the 
inexhaustible fountain of all good : there is no good- 
ness but what comes from Him ; consequently, nothing 
for poor human nature to plume itself upon. This 
divine power goes forth in such manner, time, and 
degree, as is consistent with its own infinite wisdom 
and goodness ; in displays of beneficence, mercy, and 
blessing to its creatures: sometimes in immediate 
communications of light, life, and divine virtue and 
sweetness to the souls of individuals, for their own 
advancement in the path of salvation ; and sometimes 
in precious gifts of qualification, for the benefit of 
others, the edification of the church, and for other 
religious services. 

To have a mind preserved in such a state as 

to be susceptible of the impressions of heavenly good, 
I esteem of primary and vital importance. To those 



MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 31 

who desire to witness the fulness of gospel privilege 
and blessing, this is very essential ; seeing that there 
are seasons in which such a sweetness and precious 
solemnity are to be witnessed, as is comparable, in 
degree, to heaven upon earth ; as well as that it is our 
Christian duty to lead others, by our example and in- 
fluence, to the same enjoyment. 

■ By how many and how various means do we 

get broken down, and gradually prepared for our eter- 
nal separation from this frail and uncertain state of 
being ; and how exceedingly is it to be desired that 
we may all so improve the time of health and bodily 
ability, as that, when sickness, pain, and affliction are 
measured out to us, we may be favoured with that 
sweetness and peace which bear up the mind above 
the waves, and enable us to say, the rod as well as 
the staff of the Lord's goodness, are our comfort and 
our rejoicing. 

Convince me, more and more, O Lord ! I 

beseech thee, that thy time is the only time for true 
refreshment and comfort to the poor soul ; and that 
every visitation of thy love and life is exceedingly 
precious, and not to be trifled with or passed by, as 
to a more convenient season of mine. 

Grant, I pray thee, that the chief study of my life 
may be to be found in a state of readiness to receive, 
adopt, and yield to every of thy gracious offers of 
love and life ; that so my poor soul may indeed have 
a share in the spiritual kingdom of Thee, the living 
and true God, even in this life ; and so come increas- 



32 MEDITATIONS AND REFLECTIONS. 

ingly to know that Thou art the only true riches, and 
that every thing else is fleeting and uncertain. 

Remove, I pray thee, by the gentle showers of 
thy celestial rain, the hardness of my heart, and 
make it very susceptible of the impressions of thy 
Holy Spirit ; that I may be indeed thy servant, and 
that Thou mayst delight to bless me, and increase 
my knowledge and experience in thy precious truth, 
and in Thyself, the only and enduring treasure of the 
soul. 

Oh adorable Goodness, Wisdom, and Power ! 

preserve me so, I pray Thee, that nothing may 
deprive me of the capacity to enjoy Thee, according 
to the manner and degree in which it may please 
Thee, in thy mercy, to make thyself known to thy 
poor, unworthy, but depending creature, in time 
and to all eternity. 



CHAP. III. 



EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS, 
RELATING TO THE CHARACTER AND PRIN- 
CIPLES OF OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY. 



Some Remarks on the religious Principles of the People 
called Quakers, as to Wars and Fightings, 

It becomes those who profess faith towards God, 
and who, in obedience to what they believe to be 
their religious duty, differ in some things from other 
professors, to be willing, in meekness and fear, to ren- 
der a reason for that difference. And as there may 
be many who have not been fully informed of the 
grounds on which the people called Quakers, ever 
since they were a people, have borne a testimony 
against Wars and Fightings, it may be acceptable to 
some serious inquirers, to know a little what those 
grounds are. 

1st. They believe that the happiness of mankind, 
in an especial manner, depends upon their living in 
the fear of God ; walking in obedience to the secret 
manifestations of Truth, through that divine prin- 

D 



34 ON THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES 

ciple of light and grace given to every man to profit 
with ; forsaking every thing which this divine prin- 
ciple manifests to be evil ; and following after every 
thing which it manifests to be righteous, holy, and 
acceptable to God our Creator, our beneficent Pre- 
server, and final Judge. 

2nd. They believe that the Christian religion is a 
religion of universal love ; and that, as the minds of 
men are, through divine assistance, gathered into this 
love, they become qualified to fulfil that injunction of 
Christ Jesus, the author of the Christian religion: 
" Love your enemies ; bless them that curse you; do 
good to them that hate you." They believe that this 
truly noble and happy state of mind is not attainable 
in our own will and time; but that, as mankind yield 
to the secret influences of that divine principle of 
light and grace in the heart, alluded to, they are fa- 
voured, more and more, to gain an ascendency over 
self-love, and to witness an enlargement of heart, so 
as to desire the good of all, and that all may be 
brought to partake of that happiness which results 
from the favour and blessing of Almighty God. 

3rd. They believe, that as this divine love has full 
place in the minds of any people, the understanding 
becomes enlightened, so as clearly to see that all con- 
tention is out of the Truth, and out of the way of sub- 
stantial happiness. And a desire accompanies these, 
that no part of their conduct may contribute to dis- 
cord in any shape, either between families, between 
neighbours, or between nations ; but being made 



OF OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY. 35 

sensible that all contention is evil, and that the con- 
tinuance thereof interrupts the comfort of mankind, 
they desire to be preserved from doing any thing 
to keep it alive ; and, consequently, to manifest by 
their conduct, that they believe it more consistent 
for the professed followers of Christ to take no active 
part in war; because war brings grievous calamity 
upon the earth, destroys the lives of our fellow- 
creatures, and tends to cherish that spirit of animosity 
and confusion which is inconsistent with the gospel of 
peace. 

4th. They believe that passage of the Sacred 
Writings to be particularly encouraging to those 
who profess faith in God, and in his divine provi- 
dence and protection : " As the mountains are round 
about Jerusalem, so the Lord is round about his peo- 
ple, from henceforth even for ever ;" and that the 
strongest bulwark to any nation, is the favour and 
protection of Him, who can save with equal ease in 
times of great perplexity, as in seasons of less outward 
difficulty. 

5th. They believe that the way to obtain this fa- 
vour and protection, is to walk faithfully before Him ; 
reverently depending upon Him, and in all things 
desiring that his will may be the rule and government 
of our lives. And they believe that, for a nation so 
walking and so depending, there is greater safety in 
this trust in the divine arm of power, than in the 
strength of armies; and that it is beautifully con- 
sistent for those in any nation who are thus con- 

d 2 



36 ON THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES 

vinced and thus believing, to endeavour, in humility 
and reverence, to cast their care upon Him, desiring 
to be resigned to every dispensation of his provi- 
dence; and that, whatever happens, they may be 
found clear in his sight of having contributed to the 
distress, the unspeakable distress and bloodshed of 
their fellow-creatures. 



Extracts from Letters, tyc. 

1815. — 12 mo. 29. I am not aware that Friends, 
as a Society, rate too highly the ground on which 
they are called to stand ; although, unhappily, too 
many of us do not maintain our standing. And I 
think we may safely believe this, without ascribing 
any thing to the creature, or magnifying the people ; 
but reverently acquiescing with and acknowledging 
the Power whence the gifts and ability proceed. 

If, by a mighty hand, and by a stretched-out arm, 
our predecessors were brought forth from amidst 
the different denominations of professors, and en- 
abled to bear faithful and undeviating testimony to 
the spirituality of the gospel — to the necessity of fol- 
lowing the Captain of salvation, whithersoever He is 
pleased to lead by his light and truth manifested in 
the secret of the soul ; in other words, in the path of 
self-denial and the daily cross — -to the necessity of 
avoiding all conformity with formality, all unrighteous 
conformity to the maxims, policy, fashions, and friend- 



OF OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY. &7 

ships of the world — to hold up a standard against 
wars and against oaths, and a testimony to the free- 
dom of gospel-ministry, and to that worship which, 
laying aside all rites and ceremonies, as constituted 
and proper appendages to the gospel dispensation, is 
performed in spirit and in truth : — If they have been 
brought to the blessed and glorious avowal, " That 
in pure, silent worship, we dwell under the holy 
Anointing, and feel Christ to be our Shepherd ; that 
here the best of Teachers ministers to the several 
conditions of his flock, and the soul receives, immedi- 
diately from the divine Fountain, that with which it 
is nourished: — If this people have been brought 
thus far, surely it becomes the living among them, in 
the depth of humility, reverence, and fear, to say, as a 
collective body, "He that is mighty hath done for us 
great things, and holy is his name;" — has placed us in 
the midst of many mercies, in a state of awful respon- 
sibility. Are we not brought to the acknowledgment, 
that " the opening of an inward, silent worship in this 
nation, is a precious opening ;". and that it is our duty 
to walk answerably to the nature of an inward com- 
munion with God, that so no stumbling-block, through 
us, may be laid in the way of others ? The aw ful- 
ness of the responsibility does not annul the truth 
of it ; and I believe it is unsafe to flinch from or 
deny it. 

I rejoice greatly in the spread of the Holy Scrip- 
tures, and in the institution of the British and Foreign 



38 ON THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES 

Bible Society, as a present, highly-favoured means of 
this spread. I am concerned, by word and example, 
to encourage Bible-meetings; and I think am never 
so comfortable, if I am prevented attending those to 
which, as appertaining to our district, I may be said 
to belong : I mean, our quarterly committees and our 
anniversary at Saffron Walden. But I see great 
cause, indeed, for Friends to be very watchful on such 
occasions. How conspicuous seems to be the fond- 
ness to give applause, if not to receive it; to say 
nothing of so liberally ascribing to the Bible, that 
which can rightly be ascribed only to the Divine 
Spirit. How humble, how deep in travail, then, 
had Friends need be, that they may be enabled to 
keep their ground — to support, yea, exalt their 
testimony to the necessity of help and strength 
from the Lord, for the advancement of his own 
cause. I believe they may be greatly useful in 
such assemblies, and, by the savour of their spirits, 
tend at times, more or less, to season others. But 
how great is the danger, lest, instead of communi- 
cating strength to others, we lose, in degree, our 
hold of the steadfastness and beauty of the pure and 
unchangeable Truth. 

I believe, in a meeting for discipline, rightly ga- 
thered and rightly preserved, the united exercise 
of living members is, that Truth may prevail over 
all. To a meeting thus circumstanced, I believe 
at times, a very precious sensibility is vouchsafed, 



OF OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY. 39 

and Friends travel on in the simplicity of filial fear 
and reverence ; and when a nomination is depend- 
ing, Friends become, at times, constrained, at other 
times feel a tender, brotherly, sensible, freedom, 
to mention a name, without daring to stamp it high ; 
but, in resignation, leaving it to make its way, or 
otherwise, as the Master pleases ; and leaving it 
with the meeting, whether the right savour attends 
the expression, and whether there may be a right 
capacity in the nominee, to accept or decline. Thus 
Friends feel one for another, and the bond of tender 
gospel-affection is preserved; and the travail for the 
cause maintained, and its prosperity sought, beyond 
all other considerations. Oh ! one can seem to con- 
ceive what a precious thing it is, when Friends, in 
their meetings for discipline, can rightly bow under 
the solemnizing influence ; not stamping any thing 
they do, high ; but fearing, in the least degree, to 
wound the precious cause, or contribute to disperse 
the precious solemnity, either by speaking or by 
withholding. I speak not, very, very far from it, as 
one that has attained, but as a believer in the validity 
of these things ; and in the favoured condition of 
rightly-gathered, and rightly-preserved meetings for 
discipline. 

1S17. — 6 mo. Whether we be ministers, elders, 
overseers, or of whatever class, I believe we should 
mind where we are ; and rather bear a burden, per- 
haps rightly brought upon us, from sympathy, or the 



40 ON THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES 

operation and influence of the Spirit, than venture to 
relieve ourselves, when circumstances and the want 
of opportunity forbid. I believe, in a large meeting, 
a diversity of exercise may be excited in lively- 
spirited Friends, which it would be very inexpedient 
to bring forth in words. But I suppose that the 
weighty, deeply-attentive, patient mind, is permitted 
to discover the right time for moving ; and then, the 
baptizing influence being dwelt under in the exercise 
of the gift, the meeting feels the precious effect. But 
I rather think, that some who have a gift in the minis- 
try, miss it at times, in the exercise of it, for want of 
understanding, at the time, the state of the meeting ; 
perhaps, partly, from being involved in their own ex- 
ercise. When a meeting is baptized under a living 
ministry, and the minister sits down, it is a nice thing 
indeed to make an addition ; at least, before a suit- 
able space has been allowed. As the end of all true 
ministry is to bring the hearers to an abiding under 
the influence of the Spirit of Christ, we should re- 
joice when this is in any considerable degree pro- 
duced by the ministry of any Friend ; and be very 
careful not to step in, in a way to dissipate the 
solemnity ? or remove the sense which has thus profit- 
ably been begotten. At the same time, it is very 
desirable that no rightly-appointed offering should 
be prevented ; and the diversity of states and con- 
ditions is to be remembered. So that it is indeed 
a mystery ; and a very weighty thing is living, bap- 
tizing, ministry. 



OF OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY. 41 

I remember, whilst on this subject, a remark of 
dear Henry Tuke, in our quarterly meeting, a pretty 
many years ago, that he thought hardly a greater 
evil could befall us, as a religious society, than an 
unbaptized ministry. As to offerings in the ministry, 
rendered unseasonable from the circumstance of a 
meeting being in measure baptized by previous minis- 
try, I believe, solid, judicious elders might be greatly 
helpful to our dear ministering friends of less experi- 
ence : they are much to be felt for, and so are meet- 
ings. 

1821. — 5 mo. 19. My mind so sincerely enter- 
tains the belief, that all good cometh from God, and 
therefore must be patiently and reverently waited 
for, that I can heartily join in desire, that, in our 
meetings for discipline, the creature may be kept 
humble, simple, and dependent ; looking for the 
blessing on its feeble endeavours, unto Him who is 
the Alpha and Omega, the inexhaustible source 
both of strength and consolation. It behoves the 
rightly exercised, to be especially careful to keep 
their posts in such meetings ; that nothing draw them 
off their guard, or betray them into movements un- 
worthy of the faithful followers of the Lamb. The 
exercised frame of their spirits might be sweetly 
encouraging to younger, well-inclined Friends, and 
thus strength be progressively gained to the meet- 
ing. I am not sure whether it is possible, by words, 
to convince the gainsayers, if many such there be, 



42 ON THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES 

that our meetings for discipline are divinely owned 
and crowned ; but if those who know the Truth, and 
love it, would keep their ranks faithfully, with meek- 
ness and lowliness, yet in stability and gospel-beauty, 
it would, perhaps, go further than any thing else ; 
and I believe these, rightly engaged, would be blessed 
in meetings, and meetings blessed in them. 

I think, in meetings for discipline, made up of a 
great variety of states and conditions, it is a precious 
thing that we endeavour to gather into silence ; and 
may we not consider the solemnity which sometimes 
prevails, to be like a mantle cast over us, preparatory 
to entering on the business, and to proceeding in 
order, as the subjects successively rise before us ; and 
perhaps, in the condescension of Him who knows 
the circumstances and state of every mind, it may be 
permitted, that there should be an entering into the 
concerns of the meeting, by many, or by most pre* 
sent, according to their present capacity, growth, and 
attainment. And in a degree of integrity and sim- 
plicity, without much religious experience in some, 
there may be a desire that the right thing may be 
promoted ; and by these, a few words expressed, 
without offence or wound to the meeting. 

1822.— 11 mo. 17. May we not with reverence 
believe, when the Most High was pleased, in the 
going forth of his wisdom and of his mercy, to gather 
the religious society of which we have the unspeak- 
able privilege of being members, that he proposed to 



OF OUR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY. 43 

bring them forth as a people, wholly separated from 
the apostasy, which had previously so overwhelmed 
the Christian world ; giving, in a wonderful degree, 
light, and power to discern, exhibit, and faithfully 
testify against the spirit, and the fruits of that 
apostasy : — in other words, to call forth a people 
who should aim at perfection, in accordance with 
our blessed Saviour's injunction: " Be ye, therefore, 
perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is 
perfect:" — who should aim at a state of perfect 
acceptance with Him; compromising nothing; abat- 
ing nothing; but pressing on, through all discourage- 
ment and opposition, towards the mark for the 
prize — the blessed prize of unalloyed peace. 

If this were the case, can we wonder that they 
were very quick of discernment, respecting any thing 
that came in their way, which was, either in root or in 
branch, appertaining to the apostasy? As they sought 
the glory of God, they were very zealous against 
what they believed derogatory therefrom. As they 
loved the truth as it is in Jesus, they were grieved 
and offended at any thing which they thought mili- 
tated against the purity and simplicity of it. The 
persecutions and trials which they met with, joined 
with the convictive evidence of Truth in their own 
minds, tended greatly to wean them from the world, 
and to fix their attention closely on promoting the 
glory of God ; therein securing their own happiness, 
and conducing to the happiness of others in this life, 



44 ON THE CHARACTER AND PRINCIPLES, &C. 

and, finally, in that kingdom whereunto the robber 
and destroyer cannot come. 

Can we, without tender emotion, contemplate 
what different conclusions will be produced respect- 
ing the same subjects, where, on one hand, a peo- 
ple are zealously, yet reverently and humbty, pur- 
suing the glory of God, as the principal thing, or 
with an undivided aim ; or where, on the other hand, 
the spirit, the maxims, and the enjoyments of the 
world, are claiming a very considerable proportion of 
the attention of the mind, and the strength of its 
faculties ? In the former case, how nice, tender, and 
scrupulous, that nothing be admitted, trenching at 
all upon their allegiance to God, and their testimony 
against whatever has sprung from the apostasy, or 
militates against the spirit of the gospel of Christ; 
endeavouring to be faithful in every point, and being 
exceedingly jealous of whatever is either decidedly 
inconsistent with the purity of the Gospel, or that is 
of such a complexion. In the latter case, what nice 
distinctions are sought up, and found out; what sub- 
tle reasonings, tending to lessen suffering — to abate 
the distinction between the humble, devoted follower, 
and those who appear willing to run the hazard of 
that which may eventually distress, if not lay waste, 
the Society; keeping as near the world's maxims as 
they can, with tolerable satisfaction; and having, 
perhaps, the right eye towards it, and the left eye 
towards the kingdom everlasting. 



45 



CHAP. IV. 



LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS, ADDRESSED TO 
THOSE IN EARLY LIFE. 



Tender Counsel to the Young. 

In looking towards the young men in our religious 
Society, and esteeming them a precious, and very in- 
teresting part of the body, I consider their preserva- 
tion in the midst of the dangers of the world, a most 
worthy object of attention. I believe some of them, 
from circumstances which occur, are led, at an early 
age, into temptations and deviations, that eventually 
tend to their perplexity and distress ; and that they, 
in many instances, lose a state of comparative inno- 
cence, before they are rightly aware of the value of 
themselves, and how much the sweetness and true 
enjoyment of life, are increased by humbly walking 
in the fear of God ; not in slavish, but filial fear ; for 
He is our gracious Father, and the fountain of all 
blessing. 

I am inclined, in affectionate desire that they may 
not forfeit the substance of comfort, through a pur- 
suit of the shadow, to recommend the following short 
hints: — 

I believe it is good for young men, to make a point 



46 LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS 

of devoting a small portion of time — a few moments— 
every day, to read a little in the Holy Scriptures, and 
to endeavour to yield their minds, in sincerity, into 
a short calm and quiet. For, in divine loving-kind- 
ness, something may be vouchsafed and communi- 
cated, in these short seasons of mental recollection, 
which will, in degree, nourish and cherish the 
Divine Life in the soul, so that the Love of God will 
be felt to prevail a little ; and as this love is enter- 
tained, and found to increase, the love of the world, 
and the anxious desire after its enjoyments, will 
lessen, and the mind be prepared to take its chief 
delight in something spiritual and heavenly. This 
experience will prove a permanent treasure. 



Thoughts on Company and Books. 

I wish to feel for young people, under the vari- 
ous temptations and trials to which the years of 
inexperience are exposed. They are naturally and 
reasonably inclined to learn, and to accomplish them- 
selves in ornament and usefulness. To this end, as 
well as for temporary gratification, they value and 
prefer company and books. Most of them, perhaps, 
would say good company and good books; and it is 
a delicate and very interesting matter to determine 
in what degree to discourage, or to countenance this 
inclination. It is an unspeakable favour, however, 



ADDRESSED TO THE YOUNG. 47 

early in life, to know, that, in the silence and retire- 
ment of the mind, there is instruction and comfort to 
be met with, beyond what can be expected, either 
from even good company, or good books. It is ob- 
servable, by the attentive mind, that there may be an 
enjoyment of books and of company which strength- 
ens us in the love, esteem, and pursuit of this silence 
and retirement; and there is an enjoyment of good 
books and good company, which weakens and enfee- 
bles the mind, in its capacity to love, pursue, and 
enjoy this profitable silence and meditation. Here, 
then, dear young friend, whosoever thou art, is 
the point of wisdom. Mind, day by day, and through 
all, an inward sense respecting things, and thou 
mayst be favoured to perceive what thy duty calls for 
at thy hands, as to thy outward, temporal, domestic, 
or social occupations ; and then what time thou canst 
properly spare for company and books, and how 
much of either thou canst enjoy, with religious benefit 
to thy own mind. Much company and many books, 
or much reading, have often a direct tendency to 
draw the attention of the mind outward, instead of 
inward. And here there is need of wise discrimina- 
tion. If thy company, or thy reading, tends to give 
thee a humbling view of thyself, and of thy many 
frailties and infirmities, and to increase the ardour of 
thy mind, in the pursuit of divine help, of inward 
quietude, and sweet, enriching peace, thou mayst 
conclude so much of it is good for thee; but if either 
of them be such, or indulged in to such a degree, as 



48 LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS, 

unprofitably to occupy thy mind, and rather indis- 
pose than encourage thee in the love of inward recol- 
lection and meditation, thou mayst safely conclude 
there is a snare in it, and that there is danger lest 
the durable and precious substance may be lost in 
the pursuit of the shadow. 



The three following Letters were written to young men who 
lived with W. G. as apprentices. 

1801. — 9 mo. Being favoured to desire that thou, 
and the other young men, may be kept in a reverent, 
tender fear of offending the Lord your Maker in 
any thing, I seemed most easy to attempt a few lines 
to thee, after this manner, without any wish to write 
much, but so as to reach the divine witness on thy 
mind. 

I tenderly request thee to weigh these remarks 
solidly ; and at such time as thy mind is most favoured 
with good desires for thyself, and at such times as 
thou art favoured to crave that, when thou hast 
done with the things of time, thou mayst be found 
worthy to have a place in the mansions of eternal 
rest and peace. Now, I believe that the way to be 
truly happy, is to endeavour to do the will of God. 
The way to enjoy the blessings intended for his dear 
children, is to serve Him, and obey Him in child-like 
simplicity; to dwell under a sense that He is our 
Father ; and to look up to Him, as He that can pro- 
vide for us, take care of us, lead us, feed us, and 



ADDRESSED TO THE YOUNG. 49 

keep us. To have this sense upon the mind is very 
precious, and is what I crave for me and mine, and 
those under my care. Here self is gradually re- 
duced, and kept under; and we are made sensible, 
that there is no safety for us, whatever may be our 
attainments, but as we are doing his will ; and as we 
are measurably clothed with a tender, filial fear, lest 
we should be found doing any thing that would de- 
prive us of a sense of his love upon our spirits. As 
this is not at our command, so we are led to prize it, 
when He is pleased to favour with it; and when 
it is withdrawn, and we are left barren, and poor, 
and stripped, and have nothing, as it were, to lean 
upon, and no feeling of inward support and comfort, 
oh ! what poor things we are, let things in the out- 
ward be as they may, ever so fair and flourishing : 
they are fleeting and uncertain, wearing away one 
day after another, and leaving us in an unprofitable 
state, if we have not something within to animate 
and enliven our minds. As we come to make a right 
estimate of things, and are favoured to love the 
Truth above all, and to value a sweet and quiet mind, 
and the feeling of divine love upon our spirits, above 
the transient enjoyments of time, we come to feel and 
to know, that nothing is a little thing to us, which 
prevents us from drawing nigh to the Lord in our 
hearts, and offering up ourselves to Him in secret de- 
dication, [saying,] " Here I am : make me to be thine, 
and preserve me from offending Thee in thought, word, 



50 LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS, 

or deed ; that so Thou mayst be mercifully pleased 
to enrich my mind with the light of thy countenance, 
and to favour me with thy life-giving presence.!' 



As time is very uncertain to us all, both young 

and old, and we know not whether another opportunity 
so favourable may present, I feel a tender inclination 
now, at parting, to tell thee, that I sincerely wish 
thee well; and under that influence, to call thy at- 
tention to thy own immediate situation, that, by a 
discreet and timely consideration, thou mayst avoid 
some of the dangers to which I think thou art likely 
to be exposed. Thy time of life, and the time of a 
young man's engaging in the world for himself, is 
attended with many snares. Gilded prospects, which 
are calculated to deceive the inexperienced mind, if 
not strictly on its watch, are apt to present ; and a 
state of innocence liable to be interrupted, if not 
lost, which cannot be recovered but through deep 
suffering. 

I apprehend thou art favoured to have a mother 
tenderly exercised in her spirit for thy good. This 
is a first-rate blessing. This was my case ; and the 
care and counsel of my dear mother, when I was 
very young, I believe, made impressions which have 
never been erased. She taught me early to know 
that I was not my own, nor at my own disposal ; and 
that, if I would be safe and happy, I must look to 



ADDRESSED TO THE YOUNG. 51 

the Lord for counsel. Now this I wish for thee. 
In all thy movements, be sure keep this in mind. It 
will, I trust, be an inestimable treasure to thee ; con- 
firming, in thy happy experience, that the fear of 
the Lord is a fountain of life, preserving from the 
snares of death. When temptations, of whatever 
description, assail, forget not the fear of the Lord ; 
that thereby thou mayst be favoured to witness pre- 
servation, and escape. Be in earnest to be good ; — 
the only way to be happy. If, through unwatchful- 
ness at any time, thou art in any degree overcome, 
be sure thou be willing to come under condemnation, 
and bear the chastening hand for disobedience : be 
willing to endure affliction for transgression, and do 
not flinch from it. Let it have its appointed season, 
and the dispensation of condemnation will have a 
refining tendency, and thou wilt be likely to come 
up from the washing-pool, from time to time, with in- 
creased strength to resist succeeding temptations. 
We must not expect to be exempt from these. Bearing 
this reproof and chastisement will give thy mind weight 
and solidity; and thou wilt, I trust, come to be less 
and less susceptible of the allurements of the trifling 
things of the world, and thou wilt be more and more 
enabled to set a right value upon things. Unlawful 
tbings, and trifling things, will come to have their 
proper character stamped upon them, in thy view ; 
and thou wilt be likely to increase in thy love for 
quietness, watchfulness, and meditation. As we are 

e 2 



52 LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS, 

sincere and in earnest, although the root of evil as 
well as of good lies deep in the heart, we may find 
that, as things of an outward nature are permitted 
to be snares and baits to our minds; so, many things 
of an outward nature are permitted to be religiously 
helps and comforts, and a strength to us, in our jour- 
ney through time to an everlasting home. Thou 
wilt find that it is good to prefer the acquaintance of 
those who, thou believest, sincerely fear God, and 
to read such books as tend to bring our attention 
home, and to strengthen this fear in our own hearts. 
Light and frothy company, and light and frothy 
books, though specious, thou wilt find wound the 
peace of the mind, estrange it from the fear of which 
I have been speaking, and indispose to seriousness 
and heavenly-mindedness. 

God is the source and centre of happiness. In 
proportion as we yield ourselves to things which the 
Light he has afforded us testifies against, in the 
secret of the soul, we go from Him, and go into con- 
fusion ; and so miss of the mercies, the favours, the 
consolations, which He is permitting those to partake 
of, who dread nothing so much as losing his divine 
approbation, and the sweetness resulting from it. 
Do not be halting, and double-minded, I entreat 
thee ; but yield thyself up to be a consistent Friend, 
to speak, act, and appear as such, and I believe thou 
wilt be blest. 

When things present, bring them to the Light: 
if they will bear the test, we may conclude they make 



ADDRESSED TO THE YOUNG. 53 

for lasting peace ; if they will not, they make for per- 
plexity, and, sooner or later, for distress. 

My heart desires the illumination and strengthen- 
ing of thy mind, to follow that which adorns the 
humble Christian, and to flee that which leavens into 
the spirit and friendship of the world, and ends in 

disappointment and sorrow. Dear now is the 

time. Learn to weigh things correctly : often con- 
sult the pure witness in thy own heart : mark well 
and attentively what it leads to, and what it leads 
from ; and may the blessing of preservation attend 
thee, is my heart's desire. 

Thy well-wishing and affectionate friend, 

W. G. 



As thou art about finishing thy apprentice- 
ship, I have had it at times on my mind, to express a 
few things in writing before we part; as what is written 
sometimes remains longer under notice than what is 
spoken, and may be occasionably referred to, in mo- 
ments of affectionate recollection of those with whom, 
and under whose care, so considerable and so im- 
portant a portion of time has been passed. 

I have no reason to think that thy coming to live 
with us was wrong ; and I think it no small privilege 
that we have got through, so as to love one another 
at the conclusion ; and I hope that, as we are pre- 
served to desire well for ourselves, in the best sense, 



54< LETTERS AND OTHER PAPERS, 

we shall continue, at seasons, to remember one ano- 
ther with pleasure and affection. 

As to business, I hope thou hast attained a pretty 
competent knowledge of it ; such as will, with hu- 
mility and industry, under the divine blessing, pro- 
mote thy getting, in due time, comfortably established 
for thyself. But my principal object, at present, is 
thy preservation out of those things which hinder or 
retard an advancement in the Truth ; and if we miss 
of that, how transitory, and of how little value, is 
every thing else. 

Thou hast much to be thankful for in the inesti- 
mable favour of a religious parent, who has solicit- 
ously cared for thy best welfare ; and I think thy 
mind has been, through outward and inward means, 
so imbued with a sense of what is good and excel- 
lent, that, if thou art properly watchful, thou wilt 
be blest with an increase of spiritual knowledge 
and spiritual strength, and of capacity to overcome 
those propensities to which by nature we are 
prone. In order to this, I beseech thee in an 
especial manner, to be careful what company thou 
joinest with. I think thy own happiness much 
depends upon it. It was rather before thy time 
of life that my mind became seriously arrested, and 
a desire raised in me after the knowledge of sub- 
stantial good. This good, dear , is to 

be known, I believe, by submission to the cross of 
Christ, under which the divine light breaks in upon 
the mind with sweet instruction, to our edification 



ADDRESSED TO THE YOUNG. 55 

and help. Though in this process our own wills 
are frequently opposed, yet it is here we are made 
acquainted with that which nothing else can give us. 
I believe the experience of many has proved this to 
be true. Suffer, therefore, nobody to deceive thee, 
or tempt thee to believe that there is any other way 
to be happy. In submission to the refining discipline 
of the cross of Christ, the mind is prepared to receive 
good from the divine hand, both inward and outward 
good, and to receive it with true relish and with 
thankfulness; and I think we shall not become happy 
without it. As the mind, by this refining submission, 
is brought into a state of fitness to receive, I believe 
that divine mercy and goodness is ready to bestow ; 
and here a precious state is known. And as thou 
seest things thus, thou wilt find that it must, indeed, 
be good company, to be better than no company ; 
and thou wilt find that too many young men, as well 
as older ones, are too much unacquainted with the 
state I have mentioned, and are more in speculation 
and reasoning than in living experience. But I entreat 
thee to keep to thy own business, and the peace of 
thy own mind ; that is more to thee than any thing 
else : keeping steadily to meetings, and to the prac- 
tices and conduct of faithful Friends. This will, I 
believe, tend to keep thee in favour both with God 
and man; and I believe that thou hardly needest 
fear doing well also in outward things. And as thou 
art favoured, more and more, to know what inward 
peace and quiet are, thou wilt be more afraid of those 









56 EXTRACT OF A LETTER 

who know not what the Truth is by experience. The 
way of Truth, I believe, increases in brightness as 
we walk on faithfully in it, in humble submission to 
its discoveries. Here the creature is abased and 
kept in a teachable state, and those discoveries made, 
and that establishment known, which are no otherwise 
to be come at. Therefore mind, I beseech thee, the 
discoveries of Truth ; and if, through unwatchfulness 
or infirmity, or natural propensity, thou at any time 
slippest aside, be diligent, by repentance and sub- 
mission to the rod, to get thy peace restored. Oh ! 
the danger of letting commissions and omissions gather 
one upon another, for want of coming under the 
washing, purifying dispensation of the Spirit of 
Truth. How many have wofully missed it herein, 
and incurred a hardened state of mind, unsusceptible 
of the tendering impressions of good. But I desire 
thy preservation, and that thou mayst know an 
establishment in the blessed, unchangeable Truth. 
In true love, 

Thy sincere Friend, 

W. G. 



Extract of a Letter to two Young Men. 

1815. — 6 mo. 9. I think my sincere desire is, that 
the Father of mercies may take you and preserve you 
under his gracious care ; and so renew, from time to 



TO TWO YOUNG MEN. 57 

time, his enlightening influence on your minds, as to 
enable you clearly to perceive the transcendent ex- 
cellency that there is in the Truth ; and to engage 
you to prefer it, and your advancement in it, to every 
other thing. It is cause of real satisfaction to me, 
that you are capable of business, and inclined to be 
industrious and persevering. I think your attention 
to these lawful and commendable pursuits, under due 
regulations and restrictions, may not only prevent 
your active minds from being drawn out after things 
less innocent, but furnish you with ability to be useful 
to others. Nevertheless, I wish to remind and 
warn you, that temptations will not be wanting : the 
enemies of your own house, the propensities of our 
nature, will closely beset you in one shape or other, 
in one direction or other, adapting the bait to the 
circumstances, disposition, turn, and inclination. 

Under this persuasion, how solicitous I am that 
yon may be circumspect, and maintain a daily watch ; 
so that preservation may be experienced on every 
hand. Often bear in mind, I tenderly entreat you, 
that our great and bountiful Creator's view, in the 
formation of his creature man, was to make him com- 
pletely happy, by the enjoyment of Himself, his own 
presence, his own love, light, and peace : so that our 
greatest wisdom is to aim continually at this point, 
which is the great end of our being. If we are thus 
preserved, we shall endeavour to bear the trials, 
afflictions, and disappointments of this life, in such a 
manner as may bring us, day by day, nearer, and 



58 EXTRACT OF A LETTER, &C. 

nearer, and nearer to God, who is the perpetual 
fountain of happiness and of consolation. In like 
manner, we shall endeavour to enjoy prosperity 
and the comforts of this life, and the many bless- 
ings which surround us, in such a sweet, thankful, 
humble frame of spirit, as will be well pleasing in 
the divine sight. We may be benefited, I believe, 
even by prosperity as well as by adversity, if the 
mind be kept in a state suited to our dependent con- 
dition ; for dependent indeed we are, every moment 
of our days. Thus we may be brought on our jour- 
ney, whether longer or shorter ; so as that, whenever 
the end comes, either in middle or more advanced 
age, we may enter, through the divine mercy, into the 
fruition of that state, where there is neither want, 
sickness, nor pain ; and where all tears are for ever 
wiped away. 

We cannot too often look at things after this man- 
ner : we ought to do it daily, or oftener than the day. 
It does not unfit us for the concerns of time ; but it 
leads us to give the preference where it is so justly 
due, and where our interest requires us. It leads us 
to desire, in sincerity of heart, that divine goodness 
will be near us, and help us in all states and condi- 
tions, and under all our temptations and trials; so 
that we may not lose our hold of good, but may con- 
tinually advance, as our days spend and pass away, 
towards that which is the end and perfection of our 
being. 



59 



CHAP. V. 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS WRITTEN FROM THE 
YEAR 1800 TO 1811; WITH SOME OTHER PA- 
PERS. 

1800. — 5th mo. 18, We are again come up to 
the yearly meeting; not, I trust, that we think, or 
thought before we set out, ourselves of much conse- 
quence here ; but wish to think it a favour that we 
are once more permitted to mingle with Friends in 
their annual solemnity. Yet I remember that after all, 
we must, after partaking of the strength derived from 
the exercise and concern of the lovers of the cause, 
retire into our own littleness; live, if we do live, upon 
our own little morsel ; and depend for daily help and 
daily supplies, as well as for final succour and accept- 
ance, upon the mercy and favour of Him who knows all 
our infirmities; and who knows how far some of us are 
from that heavenly, redeemed state, which I believe 
many of us would gladly arrive at, however far we may 
yet be from a due willingness to submit to the terms. 
Well, my beloved friend, may the sweetness of divine 
consolation be thy experience, to enliven thy declin- 
ing years, support thee amidst the varied conflicts 



60 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

allotted, and sweeten the bitter cups which the 
diversified stage admits of to the travellers who are 
passing over it. 

I remember at this time, a nice young man. 
Many dangers attend such as he is ; a lively, 
pleasant activity for business ; and no doubt many 
ready to associate with him. May he wisely re- 
member how easy it is for the mind to be drawn into 
things, the enjoyment whereof is attended with no 
true sweetness, and which produce flatness and bar- 
renness, if not bitterness in the end of them. May 
he remember, none are safe companions who have 
not the tender fear of God before their eyes; who do 
not endeavour to yield their minds to that cross which 
brings into exercise and conflict, and forbids a rest in 
sensual gratifications, which are vanity, and afford no 
substantial and enduring comfort. 

I have thought that many would like to feel the 
comforts of religion, but miss it from expecting to find 
some great thing to begin with; whereas, perhaps the 
way appointed for most, is to begin with something 
very little ; and it would be well, when our minds are 
exercised and grieved that we feel little or no capacity 
towards good, to consider whether there is not some- 
thing manifested that we are not yielding to. Per- 
haps this is the very thing which is to be the door of 
entrance into the path of life, and of increasing con- 
solation, and experience of good. 

1802. — 8 mo. 6. One thins I seem inclined to 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 61 

mention for thy encouragement; and that is, to re- 
quest, affectionately, that thou wilt not let discourage- 
ments take place, as to the attendance of meetings 
for discipline at a distance, now that your borders as 
a quarterly meeting are enlarged, and the remote- 
ness may be an additional bar to thy going. I believe 
thy company will be strengthening and encouraging 
to the rightly-concerned present, and their company 
reviving and consoling to thee. Let not thy deafness 
discourage thee : thy being, in measure, gathered 
into thy own exercise, will, I believe, help forward 
the cause. Even the countenance of an Israelite, I 
believe, strengthens many a drooping mind ; and 
there are opportunities, now and then, though it may 
not be our lot to be very active, of manifesting on 
whose side we are. So that I am inclined, from some 
persuasion of its usefulness and fitness, to encourage 
those who, with thyself, sincerely love the cause of 
Truth, to keep close to it publicly, even in declining 
days, as to age. Indeed, I have been of the mind for 
some time, that if things go on well, the more active 
part in our meetings for discipline will not always 
fall on those far advanced in years ; but they will 
probably often sit by, and, like careful fathers and 
mothers, encourage by their presence and by their 
weighty spirits, the younger and middle-aged to come 
up in and maintain their respective ranks ; and now 
and then, in the language of experience, put in a few 
words, well-seasoned and well-timed, to the increasing 
of the weight and solemnity. O ! the use of the 



62 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

company of fathers and mothers, my beloved friend, 
in our Society. O ! the pleasantness of seeing the 
hoary head in our assemblies, having kept the faith, 
having loved the Truth, and believed in it to the 
end. 

1803. — 6mo. 3. It was not pleasant to me that I did 
not either see or write to thee before I left London, 
which was not until the 28th. I have repeatedly 
had in view the expectation I gave thee of a little 
explanation of my views concerning the investigation 
of certain points which have often been considered 
as mysterious, and which I should gladly express in 
such a manner as would tend to thy satisfaction. 

I am inclined to believe that it is not the design 
of Unerring Wisdom, that the mind should be satis- 
fied about these things, by the exertions of its own 
powers ; but that He has wisely reserved to himself 
the communication of this satisfaction, dispensing it 
to the minds of his creatures, when, how, and in what 
degree he sees meet, from time to time. It seems 
that a real progress in divine knowledge is very dif- 
ferently to be attained and experienced, from what 
may generally be expected and desired by mankind. 
If any man will do his will, he shall know of the doc- 
trine. — See Jolm, vii. 17. 

It is very gratifying to the natural mind, to have a 
very full and comprehensive view of the subject of 
religion, at the beginning of the work; but the religion 
of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ appears to be 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 63 

very differently intended to be opened to the mind ; 
beginning, frequently, with a little light or manifesta- 
tion of the divine will, as to some point or part of 
duty. And as obedience is yielded to this small 
manifestation, let it be respecting whatsoever it may, 
greater and greater degrees of light and of strength 
are afforded, to follow on to know more and more of 
the divine will, and of divine things. This is very 
humbling to the natural mind, which would willingly 
be getting on faster ; but the real, divine manifesta- 
tions of Light and of Life must be humbly waited for, 
and the mind clothed with reverence and fear, lest it 
get on in its own wisdom, and mix something of its 
own with the communications of divine Light and 
Life ; for it is well to remember, that "in Christ, (the 
Word) was Light, and that Light was the Life of 
men." Now as the mind is really favoured to believe 
that all good comes from God ; and that its own 
conceivings and searchings, in its own wisdom and 
strength, will end in disappointment, and short of that 
clearness and evidence which truly satisfies, it is 
brought into a humble, waiting state ; and in this re- 
duced, dependent, humble state, as any thing is made 
known from the source of all true good, I believe a 
sweet, substantial, satisfying something will attend it, 
which all the exertions of the mind, in its own wis- 
dom and activity, cannot afford. And as this comes 
to be really known and believed, a fear possesses the 
mind of entering into abstract speculation concerning 
divine things ; preferring rather to wait, in humility 



64 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

and reverence, upon God ; not doubting but He will 
be pleased, if we yield obedience, day by day, to the 
manifestations of his light in our minds, to make to 
us such discoveries as He judges best and most 
suitable for us. 

Now, as the Holy Scriptures are read in this dis- 
position of mind, depending on God, through the 
spirit of Christ in the soul, for the opening of them 
to our understandings, we may, I believe, often be 
sweetly refreshed, comforted, and edified, even in 
reading a very few verses. And if we meet with any 
thing which is not quite clear to us, we may rather 
feel disposed to leave it, than to reason, search, and 
contrive concerning it. Thus thou wilt perceive that 
I believe the religion of Christ to be a religion of 
faith in Him ; and that, as in Him are hid all the 
treasures of wisdom and knowledge, so, as we are 
brought into a state of true waiting and dependence 
upon Him, and upon the manifestations of his spirit 
on the soul, we are in the way to be rightly intro- 
duced, from time to time, into such degrees of know- 
ledge in divine things, as is truly best for us, and best 
adapted to the state of our minds; and that it is not 
consistent with divine wisdom to communicate the 
treasures of heavenly mysteries, but as the mind be- 
comes, through true obedience, refined and prepared 
for the reception of them. 

1804. — 7 mo. We find, as you do, the present scene 
and state of things greatly chequered. Many favours 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 65 

and many trials are our lot; and I am ready, at 
times, to wish that I may not expect to find it other- 
wise, having little room for it. If I may judge from 
the fifty years which are passed over my head, what 
appears to be wanting is a more settled and firm 
abiding, where neither the storms and tempests, nor 
the sunshine of time and temporal matters can fully 
shake or move. For this experience I think I do long, 
and in measure, I think, pray that this longing may 
never, never be lost, until a perfect, abiding establish- 
ment be, through heavenly goodness, experienced. 
If the tossings and exercises which are met with, 
both by you and us, may but happily contribute to 
this establishment, what a favour and mercy will 
it be. 

Is not the great thing which is wanting in our reli- 
gious Society, an individual travail, a close attention 
to individual duty, whereby we should more expe- 
rience a fitness and qualifications for collective ser- 
vice, as well as more availingly contribute to the ad- 
vancement and spreading of Truth ? But whilst I 
lament my own languor, I wish not, my dear friend, to 
discourage thee ; but rather that we may unitedly be 
animated to lay hold of every offer of best help ; and 
persevere, in increased and increasing hope and con- 
fidence, to the end. 

1S06. — 3 mo. We have of late time had to wade 
along under many exercises and trials, not fully 
known to any but ourselves ; yet I think we have 

F 



bb EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

cause humbly to acknowledge that we have been 
permitted to hold up our heads, and not altogether 
to sink under discouragement. If the varied con- 
flicts which we have, from time to time, to endure in 
our different allotments, do but happily tend to in- 
crease our acquaintance with the Supreme Good, 
and to strengthen our confidence in the divine super- 
intending care and protection, it will be well; and 
we may have to acknowledge that it is good for us 
that we have been afflicted. I wish us to guard 
against unprofitable bewailing ; and rather press on, 
in a grateful remembrance that we have many favours 
and blessings intermixed with the difficulties of the 
day. 

It is, indeed, a nice thing, and requiring a portion 
of best wisdom, to know how to move along in tem- 
poral concerns. To be suitably alive to the useful 
discharge of our duty as to temporal matters, and yet 
to have the mind so detached from them as to have 
the one thing needful perpetually before us, is a most 
desirable attainment. Uncertainty is so stamped on 
all visible enjoyments, that we had need, indeed, to be 
solicitous to have our minds established on something 
beyond them all. 

1806. — 11 mo, 27. I consider it particularly valu- 
able to young men, to be placed, not only where they 
may be learning a pleasant and respectable business, 
which, under Providence, may be the means of pro- 
curing them a comfortable maintenance and provision 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 67 

in the world ; but where their amusements and en- 
gagements, in the hours of relaxation from business, 
will be likely to be of the innocent and rational, as 
well as religiously-consistent kind. To fill up the 
hours of leisure rightly is a nice thing; and I hope 
thou wilt be especially careful of it, particularly in 
thy reading. I wish thee to read what thy master 
and mistress approve : such things as may be pro- 
motive of thy preservation in religious tenderness ; 
and, when not of a religious nature, such things as 
will improve thy understanding, and enrich thy mind 
with profitable knowledge. 

It is not unpleasant that the ground which was 
once my grandfather's, father's, and afterwards mine, 
is become the site of a meeting-house for Friends of 
Brighton: a place where it was, about fifty years 
ago, not very unlikely, looking outwardly, that there 
would be hardly any Friends to hold a meeting. I 
can remember, when I was a boy, sitting on a First- 
day, by the widow Wilkins's fire-side, to hold our 
meeting : perhaps about five or six of us in number. 
There is great cause for encouragement to Friends, 
both youth and elder, to be faithful to known duty ; 
then, I believe, we shall indeed be blessed with in- 
crease both in numbers, strength, and dignity, with 
the dew of heaven and the fatness of the earth. Very 
«arly in life we may do something for this great and 
noblest of all causes, the promotion of Truth upon 
the earth. Abstaining from every appearance of evil, 

f 2 



bS EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

will give to a very youth a certain dignity of charac- 
ter ; and will be accompanied with humility, which, 
indeed, is a most excellent adorning, and without 
which other qualifications and graces lose much of 
their beauty. 

1810. — 1 mo. 21. Thus it is: we pass away 

one after another, and the place which has known us 
shall know us no more. I long that those in the 
vigour of life may increasingly bend to every disco- 
very and manifestation of duty, which is the way to 
increase in religious strength. I think I never saw, 
more than lately, the usefulness and necessity of dili- 
gence to acquaint ourselves with that divine good, 
which alone can console and sustain the soul in the 
hour of trial and extremity ; and I feel, whilst I 
write, desires that thou mayst, for one, prize the pre- 
sent day. Love retirement, and frequent, solemn in- 
troversion of mind ; that so thou mayst increasingly 
see thy duty and service in religious society, and be 
careful to do it with Christian magnanimity and faith- 
fulness, showing, on all occasions, on whose side thou 
art, that thou mayst be an example and encourage- 
ment to others to do likewise. Time spends apace, 
and I am desirous thou mayst be a truly reli- 
gious character in your large meeting. O ! the 
beauty of an entire consistency. How does the ex- 
ample of such operate, within the sphere in which 
they move ! How does it avail to their own indi- 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 69 

vidual good, the help of others, and the prosperity 
of the cause of Truth! 

1810. — 6 mo, 24. I understand thou hast a fresh 
companion, which, I apprehend, will be agreeable to 
thee ; and I wish you may be strengthened to en- 
courage one another in faithfulness to the requirings 
of Truth, and not the contrary; which is sometimes 
unhappily the case with young men taking counte- 
nance and encouragement from one another, in smaller 
or greater deviations from the simplicity of our noble 
profession. A sight and sense whereof, I believe, 
thou hast been favoured with ; and keeping faithful 
to what thou seest, is the way to have the under- 
standing enlarged, and to see more into the law of 
liberty — precious liberty, wherein the mind is raised, 
in measure, above the bondage of this perishing, un- 
stable world. I desire thy preservation in innocence, 
and under the teaching of the best Preceptor ; and 
though it may, at times, be to our humiliation, and 
we may be led along in a path of self-denial, yet, re- 
member, none ever repent having timely and early 
submitted to his discipline ; but many, many have to 
lament that they delayed the submission of their 
wills too long, and thereby increased their own 
difficulties. 

1810. — 7 mo. 25. Those manifestations intended 
for real, solid, and permanent gocd, are oftentimes in 
the cross to our own nature ; but, as yielded to and 



70 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS* 

obeyed, they tend to change our nature, even to 
introduce that nature which does the will of our 
Heavenly Father with delight. And I believe such 
are always blessed, and partake of substantial good, 
though it may be often mixed with trial — such being 
the terms of this life: " In the world ye shall have 
tribulation." But remember the foregoing words : 
" these words I have spoken unto you, that in Me ye 
might have peace." 

1810. — 10 mo, 2. I notice thy remarks on the dif- 
ficulty of keeping the mind under divine influence. I 
believe this is not in our power, or by any means at 
our command ; but yet I think much depends on 
watchfulness, and religious, tender care of our move- 
ments. As we keep humble and watchful, I believe 
the influences of good are more perceived and 
longer retained : the mind becomes more and more 
in love with them and desirous of them, and more 
afraid of things which indispose it to wait for them ; 
and so it is that our nature becomes changed, and 
we, prepared to run the ways of the Lord's requirings ; 
and our minds to be content with what is according 
to his will. So, my dear — , do not look too far 
before thee, nor suffer the suggestions of discourage- 
ment to prevail unprofitably ; but remember, " Greater 
is He that is in thee, than he that is in the world." I 
desire thy encouragement to look to the Lord, and to 
believe that He will furnish the willing and obedient 
mind with ability to take one step after another in the 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 71 

way which is well-pleasing to Him, until a capacity is 
known to walk with a degree of blessed firmness and 
acceptance ; although there is no state to be expected 
here beyond a state of humble watchfulness. May it 
be the happy experience of us all. 

1811. — 8 mo. 7. I hope, if permitted to accom- 
plish your union, that you will be a comfort to each 
other, and that your principal care will be to walk in 
humility, reverence, and fear ; knowing, as we cannot 
but know, if we be wise, that uncertainty marks the 
path of man, and that our most precious and endear- 
ing enjoyments in the outward, are only rightly held 
and possessed, as they are held with humble gra- 
titude. 

It would be very pleasant to know well 

settled: not that I consider that he may be losing 
time, unless it be in delaying to take up the cross, 
and follow, in humility and resignation of heart, the 
Saviour of men. I am ready to think that the 
likeliest way for many young men to get forward, as 
to an establishment in the world, is to seek earnestly 
and carefully after the pearl of greatest price, trust- 
ing in the divine promise : " Seek first the kingdom 
of God and his righteousness, and all these things 
shall be added unto you." I rather think that many 
who may be steady, respectable characters, yet not 
submitting to all the terms needful for those who 
desire, above all things, to secure to themselves the 
divine blessing, prevent that substantial advancement, 



72 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

even in temporal things, which they would more 
easily be favoured with, if they were more weighty in 
spirit, and more fit to be placed in respectable stations 
at the head of families, having more or fewer young 

men under them. Could come enough to 

put his trust rightly in Him, to whom belongs the 
earth and the fulness thereof, and whose are the 
cattle upon a thousand hills, I think something would 
open; and it would be a comfort to see him, thus 
trusting and thus depending, settled for himself. 

1811. — 10 mo. As time passes over, we find fresh 
and fresh exercises brought over our minds ; and I 
believe it is hardly safe to expect it will be other- 
wise, whilst we are conversant with the vicissitudes 
of time. The infirmities of our nature are a great 
trial ; and we are very liable to have an addition, 
from unexpected circumstances, over which we do 
not appear to have any control ; but, as in the out- 
ward, clouds and sunshine succeed each other, so it 
is with us. And I am in degree comforted at this 
time, in some little capacity to salute thee as a be- 
loved elder sister, in the faith and tribulations of our 
present pilgrimage ; in the tribulations common to 
mankind, and in the faith vouchsafed to the humble, 
exercised Christian. It is a very precious thing, 
that, although at times and seasons we are permitted 
to feel ourselves very destitute, tried, and deserted ; 
and to be, as it were, enveloped in our own nothing- 
ness and infirmity ; yet, that at other times, a sweet, 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 73 

sensible quiet is witnessed, and a degree of confidence 
raised in the sustaining confidence of the Lord our 
God. Here there is no desire to feel ourselves 
strong and self-sufficient, or to feel the creature 
exalted; but it is felt to be a mercy, and precious 
favour, that we can lean upon the divine arm of 
power, and trust in the source of true consolation. 
Here the waves and the billows are stilled ; and we 
are, as it were, ready to say, " What is become of 
our sorrows?" 

Well, my endeared friend, I believe thou hast 
abundant cause to trust in the Lord, and put thy 
confidence in the Holy one of Israel ; inasmuch as 
He as been thy fear and thy dread, thy shield, and 
the lifter up of thy head. What have we else to 
trust to ; however encompassed, however tossed and 
perplexed? And I believe thou knowest, that some- 
times, after a season of rather peculiar trial, comes a 
day of distinguishingly refreshing sweetness and 
calm. It is a great consolation, that sweetness and 
peaceful enjoyment are not inseparable from outward 
prosperity. Indeed, we may do well humbly to re- 
joice and be glad, that tribulation produceth the 
fruits of righteousness, if rightly endured : but our 
nature shrinks from suffering. 



74 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 



Thy case and situation seem to require 

the kind attention of thy friends. Thy frequent 
neglect of meetings for worship bespeaks thy mind 
to be not in a tender, religious frame ; but unguarded, 
and too indifferent about thy own everlasting good. 
There was a time, I believe, when thy mind was 
much more sensible of the benefit of attending meet- 
ings ; and when thou wouldst have been afraid to be 
absent, except something particular prevented thy 
attendance. Now it seems a light matter : seldom 
more than once on a first-day, sometimes not once ; 
and seldom on a week-day. It is not the way to 
gain strength in the best things, to neglect oppor- 
tunities of waiting on the Lord. Remember the 
Scripture saying: " They that wait upon the Lord 
shall renew their strength." But they who neglect 
to wait upon Him, are in danger of having their 
minds dissipated, and turned from good, and of 
coming to have a pleasure and delight in those 
things which once they esteemed not worth pursu- 
ing — things which bring no solid peace to the mind. 
These are accompanied with a sting, and with bitter 
remorse, unless the pure witness in the mind be so 
stifled and buried, that it be not heard nor under- 
stood, but blindness, darkness, and insensibility pre- 
vail. This is a dreadful state; but I trust this is 
not thy situation. Yet, I think, if thou dost not 
speedily turn about, thou art in danger of losing the 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 75 

sense thou once mayst have had of the sweet- 
ness of a religious life and conversation. Light, 
unguarded company, is liable to be a sad snare to 
thee. Evil communications corrupt good manners ; 
and we may be insensibly leavened, if not upon our 
guard, into the nature and spirit of those who do not 
walk in innocency. Thus, one thing after another, 
of which thy judgment may have been convinced, 
may be called in question ; plainness and sincerity 
of speech, plainness of apparel, simplicity and inno- 
cency of manners, may all be departed from ; and thy 
poor mind be exposed to many, many dangers and 
temptations, from which thou mightst have been pre- 
served, if thou hadst carefully maintained the watch; — 
if thou hadst fled from every appearance of evil, and 
been afraid of having the tenderness and sensibility 
of thy mind hurt, by touching and partaking of 
things of which thou once sawest the evil and incon- 
sistency. 

Do not be deceived, or believe any one to be thy 
true friend who would rejoice to see thee dishonour 
thy profession, or set light by any tender, religious 
scruple. It is a great favour and blessing to have a 
tender mind, fearful of doing any thing to offend our 
Maker; and those who know not the value of this 
tenderness of mind, and would willingly rob us of it, 
are to be guarded against as dangerous companions. 

I do not mention this because I believe thou hast 
not once known it to be true; but I believe thou hast 
opened an ear to that which, if followed, will lead 



76 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

thee into confusion, if not to ruin ; confusion as to 
the state of thy mind, and as to thy profession as a 
Friend ; and, perhaps, confusion as to thy outward 
concerns. 

I see nothing but that the situation at might 

afford thee a competent livelihood, if properly mind- 
ed ; but it will require care. It will, I believe, re- 
quire thee to be frugal and careful in thy expenses, 
careful of thy time, regular and punctual in doing 
thy business, and steady in attention to it. If thou 
art too often from home, thou mayst lose more in two 
or three hours than will be got again in a week. By 
all means, be consistent. Do not seem one thing, 
and be another. Be an industrious tradesman, and 
mind thy business. Let hardly any thing call thee 
from it, except thy religious duty ; and take care to 
give a suitable preference to this duty, above every 
thing. This will make thee careful how thou con- 
ductest thyself in thy business, with punctuality, 
honesty, integrity, and humility. Thou wilt fear to 
dishonour thy profession in thy words or in thy ways, 
and this is the way for thy neighbours to have a con- 
fidence in thee; for though some may scoff at, and de- 
ride the way of Truth and of simplicity, yet all like 
to have to do with those whom they can depend 
upon, and who they really believe are preserved by 
a principle of integrity, from doing them an injury, 
even if they had it in their power. 

Do not despise little things, as some may call them ; 
remembering, " he that despiseth the day of small 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS, 77 

tilings, shall fall by little and little." And by little and 
little, thou mayst get so far from the right way, as 
never more to return to it : thou mayst depart 
from the way of innocence, the way of plainness, the 
way of humility, the way of safety, so far as to have, 
in the end, to lie down in sorrow, and to wish that 
thou hadst never known better things, rather than, 
having known them, to depart from them, and tram- 
ple upon them. 

I believe thy situation very dangerous, and requir- 
ing particular watchfulness and resolution; because 
thou hast, I believe, opened thy heart to some things 
of an evil tendency; and that will, if not speedily 
and firmly stood against, tend to the blinding and 
darkening of thy understanding. 

I think I need not make any apology for this 
friendly freedom ; as I did not see that I could be 
clear in my duty to thee, without submitting a few 
hints to thy very serious perusal. 

With desires for thy real good, 

Thy respectful Friend} 

W.G. 



Religion is a very serious thing, and by a great 
man is, I think, thus defined: " Religion is the fear 
of God, and its demonstration good works ; and Faith 
is the root of both." Religion, therefore, taken in 
this sense, which I think is the true sense, is one 



78 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

thing; profession is another. A man may, at his 
own option, and against conviction, change his pro- 
fession; but his religion he cannot so easily change. 
If a man is religious, he fears God his Creator ; fears 
to offend Him in thought, word, or deed, and con- 
siders himself bound to walk conformably to this fear. 
Now, according to the degree of true light upon the 
understanding, is a man's religion. He cannot, at 
his option, change the convictions of this light; 
though he may act in opposition to them, and thereby 
incur condemnation. If a man does not fear God, 
I conclude he has no religion; if he does fear God, 
and walks answerably thereto, he endeavours to act 
according to the best evidence afforded to his under- 
standing, as to what is, and what is not, agreeable to 
the will of his Creator concerning him. Thus, if I 
am not mistaken, a man cannot, at his own option, 
change his religion ; although, as he can act in oppo- 
sition to what is really the religion of his judgment, 
he can, if he be not conscientious, change his pro- 
fession. 

We believe, as a religious Society, that the duty of 
a religious man is to endeavour to know his duty 
as a Christian, both as to matter and mode, and then 
carefully and conscientiously to do it. Forms of 
profession may be various ; but the truly pious, of all 
denominations, are, I believe, near akin. They unite 
in one grand and fundamental respect; — a sincere de- 
sire that their whole lives may be conformable to the 
will of their Creator. This desire embraces not only 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 79 

spiritual, but temporal things; and, with regard to 
their religion, not only the life and substance, but 
also the form and profession of it. 



It may well appear strange and wonderful to the 
believing mind, that the sceptic should not discover it 
to be a more reasonable conclusion, that that Divine 
Being, whom we contemplate as self-existent, om- 
nipotent, and omnipresent, of infinite wisdom and 
goodness, the centre and essence of all created ex- 
istence, in whom, therefore, we live, and move, and 
have our being, should be ever mindful of those 
rational creatures whom He has brought into ex- 
istence ; — that it should not strike them, as consistent 
with a Being of infinite purity and infinite wisdom, 
who is ever inseparably near, to adapt his sensible 
influences to the varied circumstances of a creature 
so fallible, so liable to error as man ; rather than to 
leave him to himself, to find his way through this 
life, and to conduct himself in it, by means of any 
faculties entrusted absolutely to him. That he has 
faculties, and a capacity entrusted to him, there need 
be no doubt ; but he has, surely, need of a regulat- 
ing, superintending, all-intelligent Preserver, to en- 
courage, to check, to reprove, to animate, to stimu- 
late, to restrain, to cherish, to console, according to 



80 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

the various circumstances to which the creature may 
be subject, either from causes over which it has no 
control, or from the wanderings and errors incident 
to humanity. 

That there is such an influencing principle is the su- 
preme joy of the just, who live by faith ; and it may well 
be matter of admiration to them, that the sceptic can- 
not believe that it exists, or that it is possible it should 
exist. Well, now, suppose the sceptic should begin 
to believe that such a thing is possible ; and then let 
him imagine, that some who have taken a different 
path to himself, have really found, by experience — 
by experience so often repeated as to have become 
undoubted proof to them, that such a precious, such 
a powerful principle does exist ; and not only exist, 
but does act infiuentialiy for their good, to their 
humble and thankful admiration. After this, is it 
not highly reasonable for him to conclude, that, in 
admitting the doubts which he has entertained, he 
has been unwise ? — that he has shut up the way to his 
experiencing what others have come to know ? 

Suppose again, that those who have come to this 
experience, (for, after all, experience is the great 
baffler of speculation,) do find in the Scriptures 
abundant testimonies to an inward experience of this 
same living, active, and influential principle in the 
hearts of others, which they believe they have found 
in themselves, is it not highly reasonable that they 
should entertain an extraordinary value for these 
writings 5 and that, finding so much in them which 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 81 

they cannot but highly approve, and which they can- 
not doubt the truth of, they are very fearful of under- 
rating them, and thereby depriving themselves of the 
help, the consolation, and advantage to be derived 
from them. These writings give their believing 
reader to understand, that this pure, active, influen- 
tial, regulating principle, is the Spirit of Christ — the 
Spirit of Immanuel, God with us : in other words, 
that dispensation, revelation, or display of the divine 
nature, life, and power, which is adapted to the 
situation, the benefit, the exigencies, of created intel- 
ligences. And these believing readers, finding that 
the power which acts in them, which influences, 
incites, reproves, restrains, and comforts, eventually 
tends to good, they cannot doubt that it is divine — - 
that is of God. Hence arises an increased value 
and esteem for these writings, as testifying of a divine 
principle so precious, and of the experience of others 
respecting it, and of its power and virtue, so cor- 
responding with their own views and experience of 
its excellency, and of its refining, sanctifying ten- 
dency. 



82 



CHAP. VI. 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS, WRITTEN FROM THE 
YEAR 1812 TO 1819. 

1812. — 1 mo. 4. Many are the ways by which 
our poor minds are liable to be brought into trouble; 
I think I know this, not only from the relation of 
others, but from my own repeated experience. 
Sometimes inadvertences of our own become a 
source of affliction and distress ; and sometimes this 
is accompanied with infirmity both of body and 
mind ; and, from these complicated causes, the poor 
creature is plunged into unspeakable perplexity, from 
which it sees no way or probability of escape ; and 
is hoping sometimes for relief one way, and some- 
times another, but no permanent quiet can be ob- 
tained. Like the sea, that unstable element, whose 
billows run very high, and wave upon wave, so rest 
and quiet seem to have taken their leave of us. But 
as man did not form, or create himself; so, neither 
can he deliver or preserve himself. Yet, I believe, 
in these seasons of deep distress, poor mortals are 
under the immediate and peculiar notice of the Most 
High ; and, in the language of one of his favoured 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 83 

servants, we may say, " There is none so nigh sink- 
ing, but He puts his hand under their head." He 
knows all our difficulties and perplexities ; He marks 
our solitary wanderings, and sees the path which we 
take. O ! then, from whatever causes our distresses 
arise, whether ever so simple, or ever so complicated, 
it is good, it is safe, it is most wise to trust in Him, 
to cast our care upon Him, who knows our frame, 
and remembers that we are but dust ; and by whom, 
in the emphatical language of our blessed Lord, 
" the very hairs of our head are all numbered." The 
great thing is, and I hope, as thou tenderly desirest 
it, thou wilt more and more experience it to be a 
truth ; — the great thing is, to endeavour to be still 
and wait for his salvation, under a humble, but 
quiet sense of our own inability to help ourselves. 
Guard against impatience or activity, but crave to 
be favoured with stillness. Let the billows pass 
over, and wave upon wave ; but keep thou in the 
quiet habitation, and wait to see what will become 
of the storm. Do not imagine that thou canst still 
the tempest, nor attempt in thy own strength to do 
it; but endeavour to stay thy mind on Him who 
formerly, when his poor disciples were in dismay, 
said to the wind and the waves, " Peace, be still ; and 
there was a great calm ; and they were filled with 
wonder ; and cried out, What manner of man is this, 
that even the winds and the sea obey Him." 
g 2 



84 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

1812.— 9 mo. 20. I think that, on both sides of 
the middle path of life, there is great danger of 
mixing with the spirit of the world. It is very ob- 
servable, that abundance of the good things of this 
life, that ease, and large acquisitions of knowledge, 
have that tendency. On the other hand, where 
there is a great want of literary qualification, where 
there is rusticity of manners, and a necessity to be 
plodding hard for a livelihood, and where temporal 
conveniences are but poorly supplied after all, there 
is a great liability for the mind to be let down into 
the same state, at least in degree, as we too often 
see amongst the poorer classes of the people at large. 
Not but that Truth, which is omnipotent to all good 
purposes, is fully equal to preserve in all right allot- 
ments. But how shall we in the middle stations, be 
sufficiently thankful that the " lines have fallen to 
us in pleasant places," — in profitable places, may I 
not say. 

It seems to be the great thing wanting in myself, 
and I suppose in the Society, a capacity rightly, and 
therefore availingly, to pray ; but we must look for- 
ward, and press forward : having put our hands to 
the plough, it will not do to look back. 

That " we are not our own ;" that we are not to 
gird ourselves, and walk whithersoever we list, is a 
truth so clear and evident to the enlightened mind, 
that it should be, I think, almost a first principle in 
education, in doctrine, in the habitual frame of the 
mind. But who are sufficient for these things ? 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 85 

May you be favoured to get into that spot where, 
the eye being kept single, the body is full of light ; — 
where the earnest desire and breathing of every 
one is, that no one may be wounded or hurt; — 
where the willingness to part with selfish views is 
known ; — where the preservation of love, harmony, 
and sweetness, is felt to be more precious than any 
outward good ; and where the mind craves, above all 
things, that every movement may be agreeable to 
the will of our Heavenly Father, and tend to his 
honour and glory, and the promotion of the cause of 
peace and righteousness. And I sincerely question, 
whether there be any way in which we more accept- 
ably serve Him, than when, in the transaction of our 
outward affairs, we are preserved in meekness, quiet- 
ness, and self-denial, with our eye and desire to Him 
for guidance, limitation, and protection. 

1812.— 11 mo. 29. The principle of light, life, 
and power, as submitted to, more and more leads the 
awakened and dedicated mind out of a conformity to 
the maxims and manners of the world, by a path of 
humble self-denial, to the enjoyment of a peace 
which is substantial, sweet,- and precious. Press 
after it, my dear friend : press into the enjoyment of 
it : whatsoever sacrifices are required, 1 entreat thee 
to make them through the renewings of best help. 
Do not embitter thy future days, by persevering in 
opposition to the clear manifestations of the light of 
Truth. Get not into abstract reasonings on things ; 



86 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

but eye the light, and follow it, step by step, as the 
way is opened for thy complete deliverance. 

How precious it is, my dear friend, in important 
movements, to feel a humble, reverent, filial trust in 
the divine blessing on our undertakings ; and 
though, at times, we may not be favoured with very 
clear and strong light upon our path, yet, being pre- 
served in a fear of offending, and in a sense that, 
without the divine blessing upon it, all our acquisi- 
tions and enjoyments will have a void, a painful void, 
here we are in the way of safety. There is, may I not 
say, an indescribable distinction between those who 
have really believed in the reality of divine, inward, 
immediate communication to the soul, and those who 
have not. Faith in this divine gift is a most precious 
thing — a most valuable treasure ; not to be trifled 
with ; not to be bartered away ; but to be reverently, 
humbly, and perseveringly treasured up, improved, 
and lived upon. Remember this, my dear friend; 
and may heavenly goodness be near to help, direct, 
and sustain thee. Amen. 

1813. — 2 mo. 18. Our principles are 

calculated to inspire love, esteem, and confidence ; 
inasmuch, as they point to humility, a general, 
courteous behaviour to all, and to strict punctuality. 
How do I desire that * * and * may be favoured 
to keep little and thankful ; sensible what a favour it 
is to be enabled to procure, by industry and atten- 
tion, a comfortable competency, and at the same time 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 87 

sensible also that this is not all that we want to make 
us truly useful and happy. Uncertainty attends the 
most flattering outward prospects. Young men en- 
gaging in business are much to be felt for and sym- 
pathized with, that they may be preserved from 
unprofitable depression on the one hand, and undue 
elevation on the other : happy if they can be pre- 
served, using their best, honest, and upright endea- 
vours, whilst they feel a dependence on our Heavenly 
Father for the needful supplies of strength of body 
and mind; of prudence, of discretion, and well-regu- 
lated affections and desires. 

1813. — 3 mo. % In the Sowings of love, and in 
the enlargement or expansion of the mind, we may, I 
believe, sometimes be ready to recommend writings 
which are really very estimable; and yet in which, 
from the first word to the last, perhaps there is not a 
single pointing to the Word nigh in the heart, the 
divine gift, or light of Christ. Does it not require 
great care how such are recommended? I write 
with caution, not wishing to prevent any good ; but it 
wants to be more understood in the world, (and 
what if this be one of the great ends of our being 
raised up,) that it is not comprehending sublime 
truths, even the truths of the Gospel, so much as 
seeing and knowing our own individual part of the 
great whole, that is the grand desideratum for us all ; 
and which, do we not allow, cannot any way be so well 
known, as by diligent attention to this divine gift ? 



88 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

Attending to this divine gift in ourselves, and so 
being drawn and kept under its influence, it becomes 
our element, and we move healthfully and safely 
along in it. And in this element, not out of it, we may 
look at many things, and touch many things, perhaps 
without spiritual loss, and possibly with spiritual ad- 
vantage; but the danger and the loss seem to be 
from meddling with religious and spiritual things, out 
of this element. Keeping in this element, we are in 
the way of feeling the liberty of Truth, and its 
blessed restraints, as to touching, tasting, or hand- 
ling this, that, or the other thing, that is thrown in 
our way. 

1813. — 11 mo. 12. It is indeed occasion for 
thankfulness, that thou art permitted to report so 
favourably, which I hope may continue to be the 
case, as thou art preserved desirous that thy days 
may be spent in humility, watchfulness, and fear; so 
that the blessing may attend thy honest and upright 
endeavours. There is a fear lest any right endea- 
vours on our part should be wanting, which, I be- 
lieve, is acceptable in the divine sight, and tends 
to preservation; and there is an anxiety and ear- 
nestness, which, I believe, wounds the religious 
mind, and is not fruitful of good. So that the 
prayer formerly put up, is emphatically adapted to 
the Christian traveller of all generations : " Give 
me neither riches nor poverty, but feed me with food 
convenient for me." And I am glad thou art 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 89 

favoured to be connected with those who, whilst they 
are caring that temporal matters may be prudently 
and reputably ordered, are desirous of giving the 
upper hand to those things which perish not with 
the using; but which are necessary to be sought 
after, cherished, and preferred, whether our allot- 
ment, as to the outward, be in prosperity or adver- 
sity. I sincerely desire your preservation, and that 
the best blessing may attend and enrich your minds : 
so may the effects thereof be increasingly your happy 
experience; even meekness, patience, contentment, 
sweetness, love. 

I am sorry for the account of poor ■ 's miscon- 
duct. I am in hopes that separation and restraint 
from improper company may place her in a capacity 
to discern more distinctly wherein true happiness 
consists, and the path which leads to it. Speaking 
on the subject, I am reminded of the experience of 
that dignified disciple of the great Master, Isaac 
Penington, where I think he describes himself as in 
a state of mourning for all the miserable, however de- 
servedly so. 

It was very pleasant to hear so agreeable an ac- 
count of , for whose preservation out of 

every hurtful thing we can unite with you in desire. 
And I wish he may be favoured to see what a privi- 
lege it is to be comfortably introduced into business, 
without the hazard, to which many suffer themselves 
to be exposed, of convulsive shocks, which endanger 
both temporal and spiritual comfort. He seems to 



90 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

have slidden into an establishment very easily, and 
perhaps with as much encouragement as is desirable. 
I hope nothing will be permitted to take him off his 
feet, either prosperity or adversity, for there are 
snares in both ; but that, by endeavouring to appre- 
ciate the favours received, he may set a proper, not 
an improper, value upon them, and see the necessity 
of watchfulness in every stage of his progress, if he 
would be kept from wandering, and know an ad- 
vancement in the pursuit and enjoyment of sub- 
stantial good, temporally and spiritually. 

" Oh ! the long list of mercies undeserved, 
And oh ! what greater gifts are still reserved." 

So that there is abundant encouragement to those 
who are humbly in the pursuit of happiness, within 
the limits and appointment of that Wisdom and 
Goodness which are infinite. 

1815. — 2 mo. 16. In the first place, and pre- 
eminently, I seem anxious, my dear , to say, that 

if thou wert to be induced to leave -, I should en- 
tertain little doubt but that an enemy had done it. 
When, through the permission of a kind and gracious 
Providence, we are so situated as to be not only com- 
fortably provided for, set down with comparative 
safety, and free from the risks to which many are 
exposed, which greatly agitate and prevent a religious 
growth ; but are also in the way to make a reasonable, 
and even a handsome, provision for that time of life, 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 91 

if permitted to reach it, when much exertion would 
be inconvenient, if not unsuitable: — when we are thus 
circumstanced, how needful it is for the religiously- 
visited mind to labour after a state not only of con- 
tent, but of gratitude ; and in the very depth of sin- 
cerity, on any contemplation of a change, to say, 
" O Lord, I beseech thee, if thy presence go not 
with me, carry me not hence." Oh! the many 
ways there are by which we may be betrayed from 
a state of humility and reverence of mind, and drawn 
out of the land of Goshen, the spot appointed for the 
children of promise, into the land of Egyptian capti- 
vity, where confusion and darkness prevail, a dark- 
ness which may be felt. My heart, I think, in mea- 
sure, travails for thy preservation out of those things 
that lift up the mind, prompting to aspire after great 
things ; and unfitting, disqualifying, to sit, in a lowly 
posture, at the feet of Jesus, the holy example of 
obedience and self-denial. 

With me it is a very tender thing for any visited 
mind to leave a situation, in which the blessing has 
not been withheld, inwardly and outwardly. It is, I 
think, a ready way for the ungrateful receiver to ex- 
perience a withering as to the divine life, and often 
lamentable miscarriage as to the outward. 

Oh ! the safety, the unspeakable advantage of 
keeping heaven uppermost, and the earth undermost. 
May this never be unhappily reversed in me, or any, 
for whose welfare I am particularly concerned. 



92 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

1816. — 9 7iio. 19. I hope, with moderate industry 
and prudent care, you will be permitted, if your 
days are prolonged, to continue making some ad- 
ditions to your property; thereby enlarging your 
sphere of usefulness, as well as increasing your com- 
fort. Much riches I do not covet for you : they are 
not necessary for our sweetest enjoyments. Supine- 
ness and inattention are productive of very little 
good ; but moderate application, in a reliance on the 
blessing of Providence upon our humble and upright 
endeavours, adds much to our comfort, keeping our 
faculties bright, and even, I believe, the more sus- 
ceptible of good. I wish your comfort, and that you 
may rightly appreciate the time and opportunity put 
into your hands, wisely applying your attention be- 
tween spiritual and temporal things. I had written 
dividing, but I drew the pen over it, thinking the 
expression exceptionable; because I believe we may 
be favoured to have our minds so preserved as to 
maintain an undivided preference for that which is 
best of all, (though necessarily engaged, and rightly 
so, in the concerns of this life,) and to feel that* we 
have indeed a connexion with ever and ever, whilst 
we are conversant with the vicissitudes of an earthly 
pilgrimage. 

1816. — 12 mo. 28. It is a very interesting and 
momentous time for you ; and I suppose you hardly 
ever had more occasion for best wisdom to direct 
your deliberations, that all may be done in sweetness, 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 93 

harmony, and love, as well as with wisdom and a 
sound mind. I desire your preservation and ours on 
every hand, that true happiness and comfort may be 
your peaceful portion and ours, and, in the end, your 
and our enriching crown. I believe, in order for this, 
it is needful to dwell very low, where the right dis- 
cernment is given ; and the feeling known, whereby a 
capacity to distinguish is attained, and preservation 
witnessed. 

As you desire in simplicity so to move as you believe 
will be the readiest way to solid peace, I hope and 
believe that a blessing will attend you. When the 
mind is preserved in a watchful care to do right, and is 
fearful of wounding its own solid peace, I believe that, 
although many perplexities may be permitted to at- 
tend the path which we tread, yet He who sees us 
and knows our thoughts, and who, as a Father 
pitieth his children, pitieth those that fear Him, will 
remember us in an accepted time, and be as a hiding- 
place from the storm. So that it is good to trust in 
Him at all times, and to endeavour to walk, as we be- 
lieve, considering our respective circumstances, will 
be acceptable in his holy sight. 

My desire is, that you may study moderation in 
your pursuit of business; not stretching your arms very 
wide ; endeavouring to carry a snug sail, as the safest 
in stormy weather ; not hazarding the peace and com- 
posure, the solid happiness, of your minds, for any 
specious and glittering, but uncertain and dangerous 



94 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

prospects. Be content with what you can, through 
favour, compass, and compass with satisfaction. 

1817. — S mo. 20. A tender sensibility, and a dis- 
position raised in the mind to crave and press after 
that which can be depended on as substantial, sus- 
taining food, is very precious. It introduces into the 
exercise of that faith which becomes, from time to 
time, the Christian's victory, and, through heavenly 
goodness, his eventual triumph. " This is the victory 
that overcometh the world, even your faith." 

My object seems to be to express a desire that 
thou mayst indeed be preserved in a state of humble 
dependence on the divine arm of Omnipotence ; not 
seeking or desiring great attainments ; but preserva- 
tion near to that which has visited, believing that in 
that are hid the treasures of wisdom and knowledge, 
ready to be handed forth according to the good will 
and pleasure of Him who doeth all things well. 
Mayst thou live in a state of watchfulness for the un- 
foldings of heavenly counsel, as mercifully, from time 
to time, and at any time, vouchsafed ; desiring also to 
increase in subjection of the will, and in well-timed 
obedience. To the obedient mind, I believe, the un- 
foldings of heavenly counsel are vouchsafed, in a way 
and time suited to our condition. 

Considering how supremely needful it is for the 
religiously visited mind to attend to its own peculiar 
exercise, I have felt solicitous that nothing, however 
specious, might involve thee in unprofitable specula- 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 95 

tion. This does not go to the prevention of the ex- 
ercise of our mental faculties, as rational creatures ; 
but to the exciting of great watchfulness and care, to 
distinguish what, in our mental pursuits, makes for 
peace, and what does not. There is a precious say- 
ing : " As many as are baptized into Christ, have put 
on Christ." It is a great favour to have, in any mea- 
sure, put him on ; and greatly, I believe, will it tend 
to our safety, to be pretty sure that we do not put 
Him, the beloved of souls, off, and clothe ourselves 
with something else, in any of our pursuits, even those 
which have a religious or spiritual semblance. 

1818 — 11 mo. 10. Probably some of those hav- 
ing the care of youth, and heads of families, among 
whom I include myself, have not been enough con- 
cerned to watch the openings of right capacity in 
themselves to convey, and the openings of right capa- 
city in the youth to receive, lively instruction ; and it 
appears to me, that this watchfulness for the opening 
is the thing wanted among us. It is, I believe, a 
humbling, heart work, and would greatly promote 
the growth both of guardians and their charge. 

Amidst the contemplation of the subject of 

religious instruction, I have remembered with some 
comfort, those expressions of our blessed Lord to 
his followers : " I have many things to say unto you, 
but ye cannot bear them now ;" and I think it cer- 
tainly requires care, how we press religious truths too 
far beyond the religious capacity of young people; 



96 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS* 

perhaps not possessing the essential preparation for 
the reception of diffuse religious instruction, a re- 
signation of the mind to bear the cross. To excite a 
willingness to bear the cross, with an eye to the 
crown, I consider a first principle in Christian edu- 
cation. If I am not mistaken, it has often been in- 
culcated as a sound principle, not to puzzle our- 
selves too much to comprehend doctrinal passages of 
Scripture; but to leave them to be opened to our 
understandings, if needful, in the due and acceptable 
time. 

1 think, my dear friend, though I have said 

so much, (I fear too much for me,) I should scarcely 
be satisfied without now suggesting one idea that has 
often presented, respecting the instruction of our 
young people : viz. I fear the public recommendation 
of any specific plan, for obvious reasons ; but when 
one individual, or more, see their way to set about it, 
within their own sphere of action, I think it may be 
useful and safe ; because this may be continued and 
prosecuted, as far and as long as the oil flows ; and 
when it ceases, procedure may be dropped, or con- 
tracted, as freedom warrants. And if the blessing is 
on it, we may safely trust that it will be productive of 
benefit, and that the example will be influential, and 
perhaps widely so. This latter remark may, in de- 
gree, apply also to pressing the reading of Friends' 
writings. A thirst for good will naturally lead to 
this. To excite this thirst, then, seems the first 
object. To a mind not thirsty, Friends' writings 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 97 

are, I believe, often very dull and insipid : to a mind 
in which the thirst is excited, they are, indeed, as a 
brook by the way ; very precious, very sweet, very 
reviving. 

Leaving this, shall I mention without wearying 
thee, that it has lately occurred to me, that an ad- 
vantage might be derived from pleading our belief in 
the Divine omnipresence, as one reason of our silent 
waiting in our meetings, and at other times : namely, 
because we believe that He is ever near us ; that He 
is ever over us, round about us ; and because in Him 
we live, and move, and have our being? And al- 
though we are not at all times permitted to be sen- 
sible of his presence, yet, whenever it pleases Him, 
He can make us perceive it, as in the twinkling 
of an eye, and comfort us with his light and 
love. And believing that this perception of his 
love is our greatest good, and not at all at our 
command, we find it our duty and our interest, 
knowing that He is ever nigh at hand, to wait 
his time and pleasure for making us sensible of it. 
And when He is pleased to bless us, and to bow 
our minds, and the faculties of the soul, in reverence 
and prostration, under a sense of his goodness, and of 
our absolute need of Him and dependence upon 
Him, then we believe is performed in us, and by us, 
that worship which is acceptable unto Him. " God 
is a Spirit, and they that worship Him must worship 
Him in spirit and in truth." And in order that this 

H 



98 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

worship may, from time to time, be performed in 
the newness of life, it must be in fresh ability, which 
He giveth, or rather lendeth ; for He does not bestow 
it as an abiding capacity, to be exercised in our will 
and time ; but it must be, from time to time, humbly 
and patiently waited for. Would it not be a likely 
thing to impress this view of the Omnipresence on 
the minds of young people, as most precious and 
consolatory, and as that which should inspire us with 
awe, and reverence, and abasedness on one hand, and 
with animation and confidence on the other. 

1818.— 11 mo. 25. My sincere desire is, that the 
circumstances which have occurred may be sanctified 
to you ; that the blessing of Providence may be over 
you, and round about you ; and that the blessings of 
love, harmony, and peace, on a right and pure foun- 
dation, may be your enriching experience. I feel for 
your prosperity on a right ground so sincerely, that I 
return again to that subject. Keep low and humble, 
and attentive to best instruction in the secret of your 
own minds; and then, I hope, preservation will be 
vouchsafed to you. Do not crave great things. 
Remember the saying of a worthy character : " I 
desire not riches, but to owe nothing." Thou knowest 
I like commendable industry. The sluggard cannot 
reasonably expect to prosper ; but then our eye, and 
the dependence of our minds, should be to the Lord, 
and to his blessing upon our honest, upright, and 
moderately circumscribed endeavours. In any mate- 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 99 

rial and important movement, consult us with much 
openness and unreserved freedom, as we desire thy 
preservation on every hand. I believe all right situ- 
ations have their attendant probations; and how- 
ever we may move, we must not expect to be 
without them. Trials bring weight ; and a weighty 
mind is a great blessing. 

It is a matter of sincere regret that — — has so 
much travelling. I am well aware of its unsettling 
and injurious tendency, as it respects the humble, 
tender, well-regulated state of the mind of almost any 
Friend. 

1819. — 1 mo. 23. I have entertained some 
fear, lest I had not properly expressed my own 
views and wishes, on some part of the subjects 
touched upon in my communication of the 11th 
month*; particularly that of encouraging young per- 
sons to read the writings of our early Friends. Per- 
haps no one wishes more sincerely than myself, to 
see this practice prevail among our young Friends, as 
well as those more advanced. It is particularly 
cordial to me to see young people so engaged ; and 
I desire it may be encouraged in every proper way. 
There are many ways, doubtless, of doing this ; and 
I feel anxious that nothing which has escaped my 



* See the last preceding Letter but one, page 95. 
H £ 

rLofc. 



100 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

pen may discourage any honest and upright endea- 
vour to promote this object. Many of the writings 
of our worthy predecessors, with some of those of 
later date, I esteem an invaluable treasure to the 
Society, not to say to the world ; and my desire is, 
that they may be duly appreciated by all ranks 
amongst us. 

I am fully aware that a careful parent or guardian 
may very suitably recommend or use Friends' writ- 
ings, as one means, and a very likely means, to excite 
and increase the thirst here spoken of; and perhaps, 
just in this place, I may not improperly tell thee, 
that this morning, just when I was thinking to ad- 
dress thee, I very unexpectedly cast my eye on a 
few lines, which I some time ago penned, and which 
I had quite forgotten, to the following import : they 
may seem somewhat illustrative of my view of this 
matter. " If the mind is directed to that which is 
good, becoming tender in the fear of the Lord, 
expecting all good from Him as the everlasting 
fountain of happiness, peace, and comfort, there is 
a good foundation laid for receiving the openings of 
Truth, either immediately by the Spirit, or instru- 
mentally by the Scriptures, ministry, or good books." 

1819. — 9 mo. 18. We have often cause for thank- 
fulness, when we can remember any past opportunity 
with sweetness and satisfaction in the retrospect. 
This has been the case with respect to thy late visit 
to us. It left me tenderly interested about thee ; so 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 101 

much so, that I seemed as if I might not do safely, if 
I omitted telling thee so. I think I am not mistaken 
in believing that thy mind often possesses a precious 
sensibility of desire after good, — after peace and sub- 
stantial happiness. And oh ! the longing that I have 
felt that nothing may be permitted to quench this 
desire in thy heart ; but rather that it may grow and 
increase, until nothing, nothing in this world, may 
bear any comparison with it in thy estimation. En- 
deavour, I beseech thee, to keep thy mind inward 
unto the Lord. Lean upon Him, trust in Him, and 
He will sustain thee in the humbling path of self- 
denial and lowly-mindedness. I do not mean a 
voluntary humility ; but that humility which is in- 
duced by a watchful, well-timed obedience to the 
secret manifestations of the divine will. This will 
humble the creature ; but, blessed be his name, it 
leads into, and preserves in, a capacity to receive the 
further and further manifestations of his Will, of his 
Truth, of his Light, of his Love, even as He knows 
we can bear it, and as, in his wisdom, He sees meet 
to unfold them to us. But, oh 1 the great loss which 
is sustained, I believe, through the want of following 
on to know Him, in the only way in which we can 
attain to the knowledge of Him, the way of Faith; 
which word implies not only belief in, but reliance 
and dependence upon Him. And though this may 
sometimes be found a tribulated path, I believe it is 
the path to the kingdom of heaven — the kingdom of 
peace and joy; begun, and revealed in degree, I 



102 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

believe, to the redeemed mind even in this life, and 
consummated in that which is to come. 

When I consider where thou art placed, the large 
meeting thou belongest to ; — how desirable it appears 
to me, that thou shouldst make an early and full surren- 
der. Keep in the quiet : keep in sweet innocence. Let 
peace be the primary object ; and then other things 
rightly permitted and dispensed, will be enjoyed with 
humility and thankfulness. 

What would sincere dedication and submission in 
a few individuals, do in your large meeting. How 
would example strengthen and encourage others to 
come forward, who are halting between two opi- 
nions ; and whilst they hesitate, weakness besets, and 
probably increases : whereas, if faithfulness were 
yielded to the manifestations of Truth in the mind, 
how would the divine arm support and sustain ; 
how would strength be afforded to walk steadily 
forward, perhaps with feeble and diffident, but with 
safe and peaceful steps. Oh ! the exceeding pre- 
ciousness of early dedication, of early submitting 
the creaturely will to the discoveries of duty. Inas- 
much as the Almighty is the fountain of hap- 
piness, the more we look to Him for direction and 
safe guidance, the more likely we are to arrive at this 
fountain; and, I believe, in condescending loving- 
kindness, He is dealing with those who early make 
Him their choice. I believe He gives them to ex- 
perience his fatherly care over them ; and every now 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 103 

and then gives them some proof that it is well for 
them that they have trusted in Him. 

I do not wish to enlarge ; but I want to encourage 
thee to be of those who sit alone, and keep silence ; 
bearing the yoke, that precious yoke, which, through 
divine goodness, keeps down in us those dispositions 
and propensities, which, if not kept under, will retard 
or prevent the growth of the plant of renown, in 
that dignity and stature which it otherwise would 
attain, and which should outgrow and overgrow every 
thing else in us. 



1 was not sure whether the cause [of religion] 

might not, in some degree, suffer from my remarks re- 
specting the intimations of Truth to the mind about 
outward concerns. Perhaps an apprehension of the 
right thing suffering by our friend's over-rating some 
of his impressions, at the same time that he is ma- 
naging so poorly, might drive me too far in ex- 
pression on the opposite side. Exceedingly precious, 
when vouchsafed, do I esteem the guidance of a 
gracious Providence respecting outward things. 
But I think I have noticed that some of those whom 
I have loved, esteemed, and honoured, have been 
very cautious of speaking of this favour, as it respect- 
ed themselves ; probably considering it as something 
that is better known and felt, than talked about ; and 
scarcely enough given them as their own, to be made 
so free with : — being, in order to keep the creature 
humble, low, fearful, dependent, and in self-abase- 



304 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

ment, so gently and faintly, though intelligibly mark- 
ed and defined to themselves, as may serve to pre- 
serve them walking by faith, and not by strong sight. 
Should a suitable opportunity occur, perhaps thou 
wilt mention a few words expressive of my sense of 
the matter. I should not like to hurt the cause, nor 
wound our friend's mind to his disadvantage. I trust 
I may thankfully say, that I am a humble believer 
in the condescension, goodness, and mercy of our 
heavenly Father to his dependent children, both 
respecting their outward and inward condition and 
circumstances. 

I wish both you and we may be favoured, at 



seasons, with the renewings of best ability to desire 
for all the youth, most particularly the objects of our 
care, that the divine fear may be richly 'placed in 
their hearts, as the most effectual way and means for 
them to inherit every blessing consistent with the 
Heavenly Father's will for them to enjoy; and as the 
blessed preservation from the many evils which 
abound in the world, and which court their affection. 



105 



CHAP. VII. 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS WRITTEN FROM 1820 
TO 1823. 

1820. — 3 mo. 9. It is not pleasant to me, that thy 
kind and acceptable letter of last month should have 
remained so long unacknowledged. I believe it can 
be attributed to no cause more justly, than to the 
poverty of my own mind ; though I am aware, that 
the expression of this is not likely to make thee rich. 
However, it behoves us to endure with patience our 
allotment, and the various changes which are permit- 
ted ; and happy is it, if our poverty be not the con- 
sequence of our own indolence, inattention, or dis- 
obedience. My own health is very favourably 
continued ; but I very often remember the flight of 
time, and that many, very many sands have escaped 
from the glass. This is a chequered and very uncer- 
tain scene: how happy for those, who under all, and 
through all, are permitted often to cast anchor; and 
feelingly to acknowledge, that the Lord is good, 
worthy to be waited for, served, honoured, and obeyed, 
under all circumstances, and in all conditions. 



106 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

1821. — 12 mo. 15. Oh! the importance, as I view 
the subject, of Friends keeping in the unity, out of 
disputations, in the self-denial, (which includes a 
willingness to suffer,) in the littleness and abasement, 
rather than that any of Truth's testimonies should fall 
to the ground. 

I think I never saw the necessity and value of 
Friends in this nation being a compact undivided 
body, more than now ; that its conduct may speak, not 
a confused, but intelligible and inviting language to 
those who are seeking rest for the sole of their feet. 

I consider it may have been a great favour to our 
Society to have been disqualified, as the criminal law 
stands, from serving on juries; as well as, I think it is, 
from accepting places of profit under government, in 
the present mixed state of things. And I suppose we 
neither of us apprehend that Friends, as a religious 
body, are less in danger from the spirit of the world 
and its friendship, than they were a century ago. 

1822. — 7 mo. 3 * Though much attended with men- 
tal poverty, I seem not easy to omit saluting you with 
a few lines expressive of endeared affection, and of a 
hope, that amidst the various ways in which the cause 
of Truth may, under the divine blessing, be acceptably 
promoted, that in which you are now engaged may 



* This Letter was written to some of his friends, when on a visit, 
by appointment of the Meeting for Sufferings, to the Friends of 
Pyrmont and Minden. 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 107 

be one. And under present feeling, I seem as if I 
might say, it matters little whether the flock visited be 
smaller or greater, or whether what we have to com- 
municate be little or much, if the great and gracious 
Shepherd condescend to own the engagement with 
the animating influence of his love. 

" A little with the blessing is a deal : 
Witness the widow's oil, the widow's meal." 

I think I can say my heart dearly salutes you, and 
craves your preservation in the meekness, innocence, 
and simplicity of the Gospel. I, if capable of seeing 
any thing, think there is great beauty and precious 
safety, in those who come in amongst us, keeping 
enough to the measure of their own gift and expe- 
rience ; endeavouring daily, as it may consist with the 
divine will, to know an increase therein, but not out- 
stepping their guide. Oh ! what sympathy is called 
for, on behalf of sincere and tender minds, circum- 
stanced as this little flock is, in such a country. May 
your visit tend to strengthen in a lowly, humble, quiet, 
inward dependence on the increase of the gift, indi- 
vidually received, as the likely way for them to be a 
strength to one another. 

James Parnel says to Stephen Crisp, "Be not hasty 
to know any thing beyond thy measure;" and really 
there does seem something very precious in this, pro- 
vided the measure be fully kept up to ; and we are pre- 
served out of all supineness, lethargy, and inattention. 
Do remember me as a poor brother, that wishes to 



108 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS* 

make some humble advancement in solid experience 
of that good, which in a day of trial will be more to 
us than all the world. However appearances may be 
against it, I have been in so poor a spot myself, as to 
seem almost unfit to meddle with sacred things, 
beyond my own breast; yet you see I venture — I hope 
I humbly venture." 

1822.— 7 mo. 3. What a scale of usefulness do 

and move on, compared with some of us ; but 

then I remember, that no one in sincerity of love and 
attachment to the cause, shall even shut a door in the 
house for nought. And there is great sweetness, I 
believe, often experienced in the humbler and more 
retired walks in the Master's vineyard ; so that all 
depends, may we not say, on endeavouring to be just 
what we should be, whether it be foot or hand, or 
only as a finger on the hand. 

1822.— 10 mo. 22. What a beautiful society, I 
believe the Society of Friends would be, if all were 
diligent to improve the talents bestowed upon them ; 
pressing daily towards the mark of our calling ; not 
resting contented in any state, known and felt to be 
imperfect ; and thereby encouraging others to be easy 
and satisfied in a state of imperfection. I have of late 
thought, that however assailed with weakness and 
trial, it will not do to rest herein; but using the 
strength afforded, be it little or much, wage war with 
every thing which we feel impeding our journey to a 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 109 

state of acceptance, wherein there is no condemn- 
ation. 

1822. — 10 mo. 25. I know, dear friend, that 
human nature is liable to be much tossed, and tried, 
and perplexed, sometimes with looking back, and 
sometimes with looking forward; but our safety, 
I think, very much lies in seeking after quietness and 
resignation, faithfully and in simplicity endeavouring, 
in our outward employments, to discharge the duty 
of one day at a time, without being over anxious ; but 
quietly trusting in the Lord for ability to get through 
the duty of one day after another, as they come in 
succession ; because He knows exactly our situation 
and circumstances ; and how availingly to pity us and 
to care for us in all our temptations and besetments* 
so that there is great advantage indeed in quietly 
looking to Him for succour. Be sure, do not look 
for or desire great things, either inwardly or outward- 
ly ; but desire, above all things, to be kept in humility 
and fear, that so thy steppings may be safe and sure : 
in them is sweet preservation. I believe this is the 
state in which we are at times favoured to see a little 
light upon our path ; and I desire thee to be thankful 
for every degree of true light, be it ever so small ; for 
we have nothing truly good at our own command. 

1822.— 12 mo. 14. It has often occurred to my 
mind, that events of this interesting nature [the loss 
of our near and tender connexions] frequently furnish 



110 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

fresh occasion, calmly and deeply to ponder what are 
the next steps for the nearly-connected survivors to 
take ; a little light upon the path of the bereaved, at 
such seasons, is exceedingly to be prized, and if duly 
appreciated, is, I believe likely, under a sense of loss 
and stripping, to increase our dependence on the 
guidance, protection, and sustaining arm of heavenly 
Goodness. 

1822. — \2 mo. 21. The removal of our venerable 
elder, William Tuke, will, I think, be felt interesting to 
many ; as of a standard-bearer in our camp. I feel 
desirous that his decease may have a tendency to 
quicken and animate many, to stand nobly for the cause 
he was concerned to advocate; not for the establishing 
of their own views, but the advancement of true piety, 
holiness, and humility, and thereby the glory of our 
heavenly Father. I believe it would be acceptable to 
Him, that as one faithful soldier is removed, others 
should the more nearly and diligently unite, that there 
be no breach in our ranks ; but that we might, not- 
withstanding, press forward and advance, as a well- 
ordered army, under the invincible captain. It feels, 
as I write, precious to me to believe, that what we 
sometimes denominate " the cause" is unchangeably 
good, and worthy to be espoused, being the promotion 
of the glory of God, in the happiness and salvation of 
man. And I am a little cheered in the hope, although 
many, and some very pleasant persons, are too much 
at ease, very much short of a state of dedication and 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. Ill 

resignation, and of perfect obedience, yet that the 
call will continue so availingly to go forth, that many 
will be aroused, and induced to come forward with 
increased zeal and fervency of spirit, clothed with 
humility as a garment; and that our society will yet 
be beautiful and lovely, an ornament and a praise. 

1822. — \2 mo. 29. May we be preserved so hum- 
ble, so lowly, so in the spirit of gospel self-denial, as 
becomes the devoted followers of Christ ; and as would 
enable beholders to discover in us the genuine features 
of his flock. I hope I hate formality for formality's 
sake ; but when Friends have had the privilege 
of being trained and accustomed to a plain, exem- 
plary dress, I am concerned that those I love may 
use great caution, ere they depart from it. 

My apprehension is, that the present time is a dan- 
gerous one to Friends. They are courted and smiled 
upon by the world ; and, without very great caution, 
we are liable, in our civil and religious intercourse 
with them, to be drawn away from that weightiness of 
spirit, wherein true religious advancement, I believe, 
is known. The true, real, and genuine ground, upon 
which Friends have been mercifully brought, I believe 
to be exceedingly precious ; and our safety and use- 
fulness to others much depend on our keeping upon 
it, that we may be strengthened availingly by our ex- 
ample to invite others on to it, instead of quitting it to 
go on to theirs. 

It becomes truly religious characters not to run 
with the changeable spirit of the times. We may 



112 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

maintain a care respecting this, and yet have humble 
views of ourselves, not thinking ourselves better than 
others, nor piquing ourselves on any peculiarity ; but 
in watchfulness and fear, endeavouring not to quit our 
ranks, or give occasion by our example to any fellow- 
soldier to desert his. 

1823. — 4 mo. In all the circumstances and 
changes which we have to experience, what a favour 
it seems to be, to be strengthened to stay our minds 
upon the Lord, and to feel at times a sensible, refresh- 
ing calm, in which we can rejoice with thankfulness, 
though with fear, knowing how little it is in our power 
to command or preserve, or retain this feeling ; but 
yet it is very sweet now and then to get a little portion 
of it. It is something to recur to, and is indeed as a 
brook by the way, enabling to hold up the head ; and 
thus, in low, succeeding seasons, how encouraging it 
is to remember that there is this precious state to be 
at times known. How does it furnish occasion still 
to trust on, and not cast away our confidence ; but to 
believe that although our lot may be in poverty of 
spirit, yet that the gracious Shepherd, whose goodness 
and mercy are unbounded, will never leave nor for- 
sake us, as we endeavour to trust in Him. So that 
however tossed, or however beset with trying things, 
let us often, very often, center down in humble quiet- 
ness, and calm dependence on the Lord ; and then, I 
believe, he will sustain and preserve us* 

1823. — 10 mo. 18. It has been a subject of very 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 113 

considerable anxiety, that we might be comfortably 
supplied with a companion gifted with the requisites 
to contribute to soothe and solace our declining days, 
which I consider of very great consequence ; that the 
mind may be sweetly at liberty to husband and 
improve the supplies of good mercifully vouchsafed 
day after day, so that there may be a little verdure, 
even in advanced age. In adverting to the changes 
we have experienced within the last year or two, 
how apt is the mind to dwell on the privations, when 
we might more profitably be clothed with gratitude 
and humility, in a sense of the many privileges vouch- 
safed, and continued, and renewed. 

May Friends of every class be encouraged to come 
up to the mark assigned them, in firmness and 
humility, two very requisite companions to each 
other in the Christian character; I might have added, 
and wisdom. I do believe that the want of these, 
and of more quietness and inward attention, has tended 
to lay waste the minds of very many in our favoured 
society ; intended, in divine wisdom and mercy, as I 
sometimes think, to have been a compact, separated 
body, endowed with very precious gifts and favours. 
If there is too little of a capacity for inviting others, to 
be seen in many places, there are many amongst us 
who desire the prosperity of Truth. And oh! that 
none of us may shrink from baptism : for may this 
not be called the only way for truly dignified and 
useful members to be produced in the church? 



114 



CHAP. VIII. 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS WRITTEN IN THE 
YEARS 1824 AND 1825. 



1824. — 1 mo. 1. Thy allusion to the experience 
of a winter season, might meet a similar statement from 
us, and I doubt not, from many more ; and seeing this 
feeling and allotment are in the permission of a wisdom 
which cannot err, I desire we may accept them 
with thankfulness, and be enabled wisely to improve 
from them, quickening our diligence in the great 
and highly important engagement of watchfulness, 
and deep inward retirement of mind, before Him who 
knows exactly all our wants, and how and when to 
relieve them to our lasting advantage. Under a feel- 
ing of inward poverty and want, of late known and 
felt, I have thought it exceedingly desirable to labour 
after inward quiet and attention, that the strength 
may be rightly felt to be renewed, and our religious 
experience, in the goodness and mercy of Israel's 
Shepherd, to be enlarged. Hereby the ground-work 
of true patience would be laid, and the way prepared 
for that which is so much wanted among us ; namely, 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS* 115 

for our becoming more a weighty, humble, watchful, 
self-denying people, spiritually intelligent, and diligent 
in submitting to divine requirings, advancing from 
step to step on the ladder which reaches from earth 
to heaven. May greenness adorn our evening, and 
divine love and mercy be our eternal crown of re- 
joicing. 

1824. — 3 mo. 15. Oh the simplicity that I think 
there is in the Truth! Oh the simplicity of the 
Gospel, and of an inward, attentive, lowly waiting, 
for the renewed revelations of it! How can this de- 
parture from it [in America] have been occasioned? 
What a favour, if those who have been in any 
degree jostled off the foundation, may be in mercy 
brought back, and have to declare to others, that, in a 
cloudy time, they had missed their way, but are now, 
in humility and meekness, brought back to the quiet 
habitation, the place of rest and safety, where I believe 
the filial fear thou mentionest, is happily known and 
lived in. I hope our dear friends now among them 
will be graciously protected ; furnished with the 
needful supply of wisdom and strength, and often have 
to lie down sweetly beside the still waters. Oh ! what 
a favour we can conceive this to be, to the poor, 
exercised, and oft-tribulated servants. Recurring 
again to the occasions of sorrow, I seem to want to 
add, how strange it is that any who love the Truth in 
sincerity, should not dread the baneful consequences 

i 2 



116 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

of breaking the unity — the unity of the Spirit, in the 
bond of peace. 

If I have any good desires, I think one of them is, 
that the ministry may be increasingly weighty among 
us. Our dear friends in that station are much to be 
felt for, and I wish that we may be favoured with 
increased qualification to contribute to their help and 
comfort. How does the desire arise, that there 
may be quite as much in weight as measure. It is 
a very interesting time we live in ; and I think we 
are a singularly-appointed people. How desirable is it, 
that we may know our place, and keep it — a waiting, 
solid, self-denying people. Greatly favoured we have 
been ; and we have reason to believe, shall be, if we 
keep to our principles — I might say, to our principle ; 
the divine light, life, and power, revealed in the soul. 
Believing in this with steadfastness, I believe we 
should often have to be very poor, and sit very low. 
But I fear to say much on this important and weighty 
subject. Before I quite quit it, perhaps I may as 
well say, that I have (of late particularly) thought on 
the benefit and excellence of quietness and retiredness 
of mind ; and the want of it in our religious and 
favoured Society, as well as in the world at large. 
If it were possible to make Friends sufficiently in 
love with it, what blessed effects might be hoped for 
from it. 

1824.— 4 mo. 13 I am a believer in that repre- 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 117 

sentation of George Dillwyn's, respecting important 
deliberations and discussions in meetings for discipline, 
somewhat on this wise: that, when Friends are 
honestly, sincerely, and piously, engaged in delivering 
their respective views, with becoming condescension 
and feeling for each other, and the subject is drawing 
to a point, there is sometimes known a seal on the top 
of it, which bespeaks the conclusion to be owned. 
What a favour and encouragement is it, when Friends 
can perceive this! 

1824, — 7 mo. 30. I notice thy information respect- 
ing our dear friend's improvement in her health. It 
is indeed a favour, when humility clothes the poor 
instruments, as a garment from head to foot : indeed, 
what virtue is like it for value ? It becomes the man 
with one talent, and it is quite as needful for him that 
has the two or the five. What are the most gifted 
without it, but poor, mistaken creatures, forgetful that 
in a moment all qualification for profit or service 
may be withheld and suspended, if not entirely with- 
drawn ? 

1824. — 11 mo. 12. It is not likely that the 
expression of my poverty should make thee rich. 
J would rather endeavour to profit by every dispensa- 
tion, that I may be favoured to know my attention 
quickened, and my feet more and more established 
in the faith, and hope, and patience of the Lord's 
children. 



118 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

I am obliged for the various items of interesting 
intelligence contained in thy letter. May we who 
move in comparatively narrow spheres, be enabled 
to pray for the preservation and protection of 
the sincere and upright-hearted under every al- 
lotment, and among all the vicissitudes permitted 
to occur. How do I desire that the sincere- 
hearted in America may be kept in the patient, 
steady pursuit of purity and holiness, and know 
from season to season ^ the discovery of the brook 
by the way, enabling to hold up the head, and to 
trust on. 

What a people should we be, if we all moved on, 
in the condescendingly-appointed order, desiring to 
be neither greater nor less, than divine wisdom in- 
tendeth us to be. Then surely would peace be our 
portion, and the glory be ascribed to the blessed and 
holy Head ; and we be living as dear children of the 
same heavenly-minded family, abounding, according 
to the divine will, in the fruits of the Spirit. 

1824. — \2 mo. 8. Within a very short space 
indeed, I have attended to the silent grave the 
remains of two old acquaintances, respecting whom 
it may now be said, as by and by of us, the place 
that has known them, will know them no more. Not 
that I think it desirable that the dropping off of 
those, with whom we have been used to converse, 
should be allowed unprofitably to depress, but to 
quicken our attention to the solemn subject of the 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 119 

uncertainty of time, and of all temporal things : it is 
indeed an awfully-serious subject; and worthy of our 
daily and hourly meditation. Our Quarterly Meeting 
is again approaching : may it be a time of obtaining a 
little increase of strength, and of encouragement to 
walk in the path of faith, and humble confidence in 
the divine arm of Power. 

1825. — 4 mo. 8. My mind, one day this week, was, 
I think I may say, sweetly comforted in the contem- 
plation of the blessedness of that state, which is 
preserved so low, so little, and humble and feelingly 
dependent, as to be thankful for even a morsel of 
heavenly bread, and even a small portion of that 
living water which sustains the traveller in the path 
of faith; and this was accompanied with gladness, 
that, from the morning of our day as a religious 
society, it was given forth as the sense of Friends, 
respecting the Scriptures, that whatsoever doctrine is 
contrary unto their testimony, may therefore justly 
be rejected as false! It is very pleasant to me, 
that there is extant part of a letter from William 
Savery, of America, written at the time of the 
trouble occasioned by H. B.'s dissent from Friends, 
to a friend in London ; a few lines of which I incline 
to transcribe, though I should not suppose they are 
new to thee: viz. " The longer I live, the more 
unshaken confidence I think I obtain, that the doc- 
trines laid down by Robert Barclay and our first 



120 EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

Friends, founded upon the New Testament, and still 
maintained by the body of Society at large, are invul- 
nerable to the efforts of vain philosophy, sophistry, 
and curious speculation, so long as we retain our 
belief in that most excellent of all books; and I am 
of the mind, that all such as depart from that foun- 
dation, will wither and be confounded." 

1825. — 4 mo. 28. Since our last friendly conver- 
sation, I have felt much interested in the comfort of 
thy declining years. Thou hast often mentioned 
to me thy uncomfortable feelings and prospects, 
respecting thyself and human nature. I believe, 
much of them is occasioned by thy not endeavouring 
to lay hold of the mercy of God, offered to his 
creature man, through the Spirit of Christ in the 
soul; because I think, and heartily believe, that 
by resorting to that, we are often permitted to 
feel our minds, through its blessed influence, brought 
into a state of resignation to the dispensations of 
Providence, and into a belief that all He does, 
however inscrutable to our limited and finite com- 
prehension, is in perfect wisdom; and that his 
power is sufficient to turn every thing that He 
suffers to befall us, to a good account in the end, 
agreeably to the apostle's testimony, " that all 
things work together for good, to them that love 
and fear God." 

As we reverently believe that the Almighty is 



EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 121 

a being of infinite and adorable perfection in all 
his attributes, He stands in no need of any thing 
from us; but we stand in need of every thing 
from Him. And we cannot rationally suppose 
any motive in Him by the creation of man, but 
the communication of happiness to his creature. 
And it is good to entertain the belief, that this 
divine goodwill, and gracious design to communicate 
happiness, is not of a transient nature, but constant 
and perpetual, in Him in whom it is said " there is no 
variableness nor shadow of turning." And I cannot 
for a moment entertain the idea that this Divine 
and Almighty Being, who created man for happiness 
and immortality, is so little mindful of him, as, when 
he is come into the world, to leave him to shift for 
himself; a creature who, He well knows, has daily 
and hourly occasion for his providential care and 
fatherly protection. Remember that interesting 
saying of our blessed Saviour, " the very hairs 
of your head are all numbered," as emphatically 
descriptive of the tender notice and regard of 
the Most High towards his rational and immortal 
creatures. 

I am sincerely interested in thy comfort ; and 
I desire that the evening of thy days may be 
cheered by the enlivening persuasion, that thou 
canst not be from under the notice of Him, who 
is an omnipresent Spirit, and who is not only 
a God afar off, but also a God nigh at hand ; 
about our bed, and about our path, and who 



12% EXTRACTS OF LETTERS. 

spieth out all our ways ; and, as David beautifully 
declares, " whose tender mercies are over all his 
works;" and that thus believing, thy sun may go 
down in brightness, and thy latter end be crowned 
with peace, the blessed presage of everlasting 
happiness. 



THE END. 



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